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Protista Kingdom
Stack #166509
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A protist is not members of the kingdoms | plantae, animalia, fungi |
| Protists have | a nucleus and organells |
| Protists are | unicellular |
| The word Protista means | "the very first" |
| Where did the first protist most liely come from? | aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes |
| Biologist think protists are so diverse that they chould be in several ______________. | kingdooms |
| How are protists classified? | by they way they get nutrition |
| What is the name given to the protists that are heterotrophs? | animal-like protists |
| What is the name give to the protists that make their own food by photosynthesis? | plant-like protists |
| What is the name given to the protists that are parasites or decomposers? | fungus-like protists |
| How are animal-like protists classified? | by movement |
| What animal-like protists uses flagella to move? | Zooflagellates |
| How do zooflagellates absorb their food? | through their cell membrane |
| Where do zooflagellates live? | streams, lakes, and bodies of other organisms |
| How do zooflagellates reproduce? | mitosis and cytokinesis |
| What is the name given to the sexual reproduction that some zooflagellates use? | meiosis |
| What is the name of the animal-like protists that use pseuopods for movement? | Sarcodines |
| what is a pseudopod? | used for movement by a Sarcodine |
| What is the name of a Sarcodine that has a food vacuole? | amoeba |
| How does an amoeba capture and digest its food? | it uses a food vacuole |
| What sarcodine produces calcium carbonate? | Forminiferans |
| What sarcodine looks like the sun's rays? | Heliozoans |
| What animal-like protist uses cilia to move? | Ciliates |
| What are cilia? | hair-like projections used for movement |
| What are flagella? | whip-like tail used for movement |
| Where are ciliates found? | fresh and saltwater |
| What is the genus of the best-known ciliate? | Paramecium |
| What are trichocysts? | small bottle-shaped structures used for defense of a paramecium |
| What is a macronucleus? | place that keeps multiple copies of genes in a Paramecium |
| What is a micronucleus? | reserve copy of the genes of a Paramecium |
| How do ciliates get their food? | they sweep it into a gullet |
| How do ciiates get rid of their wastes? | through the anal pore |
| How does a ciliate keep from getting too much water? | by a contractile vacuole |
| What does a contractile vacuole do? | removes excess water from a ciliate and other organisms that live in the water |
| How do ciliates reproduce? | mitosis and cytokinesis |
| How do ciliates reproduce when under stress? | by conjugation |
| What is conjugation? | 2 attach themselves together and share genetic information |
| What animal-like protist does not move and is a parasite? | Sporozoans |
| How does a sporozoan reporduce? | a sporozite attaches itself to a host, penetrates, and lives inside. |
| What disease does Plasmodium cause? | malaria |
| How does a Plasmodium get into a human? | by a mosquito |
| What is the cycle of Plasmodium? | Plasmodium sporozites go to the liver, cells burst and go to the red blood cells, the red blood cell burst then a mosquito bites the human and gets the sporozites |
| What is the best way to control malaria? | by controlling mosquitoes |
| What protist is responsible for African Sleeping Sickness? | Traypanosomes |
| What protist is Amebic dysentery caused from? | Entamoeba |
| What is the name of another protist that causes diarrhea? | Giardia |
| What does Trichonympha do? | It has cellulase that breaks down cellulose for termites, so they can eat wood. |
| How many major phyla of algae are there? | 7 |
| What are the 4 phyla of algae that are unicellular? | euglenophytes, chrysophytes, diatoms, and dinoflagellates |
| why is deep sea water blue? | because absorbs the red and violet wavelengths |
| Which chlorophyll is efficient at capturing violet and red wavelengths? | a |
| What are the names of the different types of chlorophyll? | chlorophylla chlorophyllb chlorophyllc |
| What are accessory pigments? | pigments that absorb different wavelengths than chlorophyll |
| What plant-like algae has two flagella, but no cell wall? | Euglenophytes |
| What are Euglenas good at? | swimming |
| What is an eyespot? | it is used by the Euglena to find light |
| What is a pellicle? | It is a tough ridge inside the cell membrane to allow the Euglena to be able to move through the mud. |
| What color are Chrysophytes? | yellow brown or gold |
| How do Euglenas reporduce? | binary fission |
| What are the Chrysophytes cell wall made of? | pectin |
| What do Chrysophytes store their food as? | oil |
| What are diatoms? | plant-like protist that produce cells walls rich in silcon |
| What phylum is dinoflagellates a member of? | Pyrrophyta |
| How do Dinoflagellates get their food? | half photosynthetic and half heterotrophs |
| What special characteristics does Dinoflagellates have? | They are luminescent |
| What is phytoplankton? | small photosynthetic organisms near the surface of the ocean |
| What is algal blooms? | an over abundance of algae |
| What problem does algal blooms present? | they deplete the water of nutrients |
| What is another name for seaweed? | multcellular algae |
| What are the three phyla of multicellular algae? | red, brown, and green algae |
| Where can red algae live? | great depths of the sea |
| What are phycobilins good at? | harvesting blue light energy |
| What does red algae play a role in forming? | coral reefs |
| Which algae is the largest and known as giant kelp? | brown algae |
| What is holdfast? | holds the algae to the bottom |
| What is a bladder on brown alage? | air filled swelling to keep the algae afloat |
| What are stipes? | flat stemlike structures on algae |
| What are blades on algae? | leaf like structures |
| Where are green algae found? | fresh and salt water |
| What land plant is like green algae? | mosses |
| What are the three kinds of green algae? | unicellular, colonial, multicellular |
| How many chromosomes does diploid cells have? | two sets |
| How many chromosoomes does haploid cells have? | one set |
| What is alternation of generations? | algae that go from haploid to diploid stages in their life |
| What are two uses for algae in food? | ice cream and sushi rolls |
| What is a gametophyte? | They produce gametes-haploid forms |
| What is a sporophyte? | They produce spores-diploid spores |
| What do fungus-like protists lack that true fungi have? | chitin |
| What are the two groups of slime molds? | cellular slime molds and acellular slime molds |
| What are fungus-like protists? | heterotrophs |
| What do fungus-like protists do? | absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter |
| How do cellular slime molds spend their lives? | as free-living cells |
| What is the first thing their spores send out? | chemical signals to attract other cells of the same species |
| What are fruiting bodies? | slender reproductive structure that produces spores |
| What is it about slime molds that biologists still don't know? | how cells send signals and regulate development |
| What are plasmodia | acellular slime mold structure with nuclei |
| What is an Oomycetes? | water molds that eat dead or decaying organic matter in the water or some plants on land |
| What are hyphae? | thin filaments of water molds |
| How do water molds reproduce? | sexually and asexually |
| what are zoosporangia? | spore cases for water mold |
| What are the two sexual reproduction structures of water mold? | antheridium-male and oogonium-female |
| What water mold caused the 1840's potato famine? | Phytophthora infestans |
| What did P.infestans do to the potato? | made it a spongy sac of spores and dust |
Created by:
swalscit
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