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OGT - Earth & Space
OGT - Earth & Space - Universe - Mrs. Martinez
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Big Bang Theory | dominant explanation for how the universe formed; supposedly,the universe began between 10 and 20 billion years ago it exploded from a hot,dense point |
| nebulae | plural of nebula; clouds of dust and gas; stars and galaxies form in these |
| galaxy | a cluster of many stars and their solar systems |
| Milky Way | galaxy in which our solar system is located |
| universe | contains everything.period. |
| geocentric model | model of the universe created by Ptolemy around AD 100; place Earth at the center with the sun and all the planets and other stars revolving around it |
| heliocentric model | model created by Copernicus around 1543; placed the Sun (helio) at the center with the Earth and planets revolving around it |
| elliptical orbit | almost egg shaped; path which planets take around the sun which means that at certain times they are farther from the sun than other times |
| seasons | cyclical changes in weather patterns around the globe due to our elliptical orbit around the sun and the fact that Earth's axis is tilted |
| light-year | unit of distance; distance that light can travel in one year; equal to 9.46 trillion kilometers |
| Hubble | in 1924, this man (first name Edwin) classified galaxies, including our own; also his observations of redshift of distant galaxies have been used to support the Big Bang Theory |
| spectroscope | instrument used to break apart the light into the spectrum; used to determine the chemical composition of a star or gas |
| spectrograph | separates light into a spectrum and focuses it into different colored line, called spectral lines; used to determine the chemical composition of a star |
| redshift | when light wavelengths are more spread apart because the star is moving AWAY from us |
| gravity | force of attraction between any bodies in the universe; keeps planets in orbit around sun, satellites in orbit around Earth, keeps stars together rather than letting them explode apart, etc. |
| telescope | first used by Galileo to study the stars in 1609 |
| comet | ice and dust |
| nuclear fusion | this process takes place in the core of stars and releases huge amounts of energy; process where the nuclei (plural of nucleus) of 2 or more small atoms are fused to make a larger atom; usually 2 hydrogen atoms fuse to form a helium atom |
Created by:
bioteacherjm
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