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minerals & igneous

QuestionAnswer
What is the LEAST helpful property for identifying minerals? COLOR
How are rocks classified? by their ORIGIN
What characteristics must a substance have to be a MINERAL? 1 - it must be SOLID 2 - it must be INORGANIC 3 - it must be NATURAL 4 - it must have a CRYSTAL STRUCTURE 5 - it must have a definite CHEMICAL FORMULA
What are the two TYPES of IGNEOUS ROCK? INTRUSIVE & EXTRUSIVE
What is the BASIC BUILDING BLOCK (ingredient) of ROCKS? MINERALS
How do geologists DEFINE ROCK? a SOLID, NATURALLY-OCCURRING MIXTURE OF MINERAL(S) (AND POSSIBLY ORGANIC MATTER)
TRUE or FALSE? COAL is a MINERAL. FALSE (COAL is a ROCK)
If a substance IS a MINERAL, how do scientists determine WHICH MINERAL IT IS? MINERALS are IDENTIFIED by their PROPERTIES
Which PROPERTY describes a mineral's RESISTANCE TO BEING SCRATCHED? HARDNESS
Which PROPERTY describes a mineral's tendency to BREAK INTO FLAT SHEETS? CLEAVAGE
Which PROPERTY describes the COLOR of a mineral's POWDER after scratching an rough tile? STREAK
Which PROPERTY describes a mineral's tendency to BREAK UNEVENLY? FRACTURE
Which PROPERTY describes how a MINERAL'S SURFACE REFLECTS LIGHT? LUSTER
Which PROPERTY describes the MASS OF A MINERAL IN A GIVEN VOLUME? DENSITY
What does ORIGIN mean? HOW & WHERE THE ROCK FORMED
What are the three classifications (types) of rock? IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY, METAMORPHIC
How are minerals obtained? through MINING
What is the name for a ROCK that contains a USEFUL AMOUNT OF A MINERAL? ORE
WHERE do INTRUSIVE igneous rocks form? BENEATH the surface
What is the MOST ABUNDANT INTRUSIVE igneous rock in Earth's crust? GRANITE
WHERE do EXTRUSIVE igneous rocks form? AT the surface
What is the MOST ABUNDANT EXTRUSIVE igneous rock in Earth's crust? BASALT
Mining is very damaging to the environment. The process of repairing that damage and restoring the original landscape is known as ___. RECLAMATION
IGNEOUS ROCKS are formed from ___. MOLTEN MATERIAL or MOLTEN ROCK
How does molten rock become IGNEOUS ROCK? by COOLING
WHERE do IGNEOUS ROCKS form? BOTH AT THE SURFACE & BELOW THE SURFACE
MOLTEN MATERIAL BENEATH the SURFACE is ___. MAGMA
MAGMA cools slowly & forms ___. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK
What is the TEXTURE of INTRUSIVE igneous rock? COARSE-GRAINED (LARGE CRYSTALS)
What determines how large the crystals of an igneous rock become? the RATE OF COOLING
MOLTEN MATERIAL AT the SURFACE is ___. LAVA
LAVA cools quickly & forms ___. EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK
What is the TEXTURE of EXTRUSIVE igneous rock? FINE-GRAINED (SMALL CRYSTALS)
Minerals are removed from ore through the process of ___. SMELTING
Why is COLOR so unhelpful for identifying a mineral? 1 - the SAME MINERAL can be DIFFERENT COLORS 2 - MANY MINERALS are the SAME COLOR
What CHARACTERISTICS do MINERALS & ROCKS have in common? They both are SOLIDS & NATURAL.
Which one MUST be inorganic -- ROCKS or MINERALS? MINERALS (rocks CAN have organic matter)
Which MINERAL is SOFTEST? TALC
The HARDEST MINERAL is ___, which is a ___ on the Moh's Hardness scale. DIAMOND; 10
Stone Mountain is the coarse-grained igneous rock GRANITE. WHAT did Stone Mountain form from & WHERE did it form? WHAT = formed from MAGMA; WHERE = BENEATH the surface
Some arrowheads are the fine-grained igneous rock OBSIDIAN. WHAT did obsidian form from & WHERE did it form? WHAT = formed from LAVA; WHERE = AT the surface
A geologist determines whether a rock is igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary based on the rock's ___. ORIGIN
How can a scientist figure out HOW & WHERE a rock formed (the rock's ORIGIN)? by examining the rock's MINERAL COMPOSITION & TEXTURE
If a rock's texture is ___, the mineral crystals are invisible or extremely small. FINE-GRAINED
What is the MOST COMMON MINERAL GROUP in Earth's crust? SILICATES
___ are like chocolate pudding because they are the same substance throughout. MINERALS
___ are like salad because they are a mixture of substances. ROCKS
The ___ of igneous rocks are like Play-Doh igloos because they grow larger as the cooling time increases. mineral CRYSTALS
Created by: cgottlieb
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