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mcleod cell structur
seventh grade cell structure words and definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | smallest capable of performing life functions |
| Cell Theory | 1. all living things are made of cells 2. cells are the smallest working units within living things 3. cells come from pre-existing cells through a process of cell division |
| Cell Wall | the sturdy outer shell of some bacteria and all plant cells |
| eukaryotic cells | have more complex internal structure |
| prokaryotic cells | The simplest type of cells |
| nucleus | The most important organelle in a eukaryotic cell |
| eukaryotic cells | have organelles that are surrounded by membranes |
| prokaryotic cells | have few internal structures and those are not surrounded by membranes |
| Prokaryotic cells | The most common cells of this type are single-celled organisms such as bacteria |
| nucleus | Directs (controls) all cell activities. |
| nuclear membrane | separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell |
| nucleus | contains all the DNA (genetic material) of the cell |
| nuclear membrane | opening in the _______________ allow materials to enter and leave the nucleus |
| Chromosomes | all the organisms traits and characteristics are contained in DNA clusters called ________ |
| nucleolus | a small structure inside the nucleus that contains RNA to help build proteins |
| Ribosomes | package proteins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | a wavy structure that moves materials around the cell |
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum | ribosomes are found on this organelle |
| golgi bodies | moves materials within and out of the cell |
| Mitochondria "Mighty Mitochondria" | provides energy (ATP) to the cell for breaking down fats and carbohydrates |
| Chloroplast | in plant cells, energy from the sun is stored in ______________________ |
| chloroplast | organelle where photosynthesis takes place and energy from the sun is stored |
| cytoplasm | gel-like part inside of the cell |
| cell membrane | thin outer shell of the cell |
| cell membrane | part of the cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell; has a double layer |
| cell wall | provides support and structure as well as protection to the cell |
| lysosomes | waste materials are carried out to the cell membrane for disposal by ______________ |
| vacuoles | water-filled sac found in all plant cells |
| vacuoles | largest organelle in a plant cell |
| cholorophyll | green chemical in plants made by photosynthesis |
| 6 characteristics of cells | cellular organization |
| 6 characteristics of cells | contain similar chemicals |
| 6 characteristics of cells | use energy |
| 6 characteristics of cells | respond to their surroundings (environment) |
| 6 characteristics of cells | grow and develop |
| 6 characteristics of cells | reproduce |
| vacuoles | found in plant cells; stores water; helps plants maintain shape |
| chlorophyll | green pigment found in chloroplasts |
| Cell membrane transportation is important because... | it gets the required nutrients to the cells that they need in order to survive |
| Cell membrane transportation is important because... | it allows unneeded waste and materials to exit the cell in order to keep the cell healthy |
| passive transport | the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane |
| diffusion | the process by which molecules move from area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| active transport | the movement of materials through a cell membrane using the cell's energy |
| endocytosis | a process used by cells to take in certain materials too big to diffuse using the cell's energy by a vesicle |
| exocytosis | the process used by cells to remove certain materials such as waste and garbage that is too big to diffuse using the cell's energy through a vesicle |
| photosynthesis | occurs in the presence of light (and chlorophyll in plant cells) |
| phtotsynthesis | requires energy (light) to make sugar (glucose) |
| photosynthesis | complex substances (sugar) are formed from simpler ones |
| photosynthesis | carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials (taken in) |
| photosynthesis | oxygen is given out |
| cellular respiration | occurs at all times in all cells |
| cellular respiration | releases energy from sugar |
| cellular respiration | complex substances (sugar) are broken down into simpler ones |
| cellular respiration | carbon dioxide and water are the waste products (given out) |
| cellular respiration | oxygen is taken in |
Created by:
f mcleod
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