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Respiratory System
Gylys & Masters Chapter 4
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| diagnosis | Identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory test resuls and procedures. |
| pulmonary | Pertaining to the lungs or respiratory system. |
| respiration | Molecular exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body's tissues; also called breathing, pulmonary ventilation or ventilation. |
| thoracic | Pertaining to the thorax or thorax cage (bony enclosure formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, ribs, and the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae) |
| vascular | Pertaining to blood vessel |
| dia- | through, across |
| gnos | knowing |
| pulmon | lung |
| -ary | pertaining to |
| thorac | chest |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| vascul | vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| adenoid/o | adenoids |
| adenoidectomy | excision of the adenoids |
| laryng/o | larynx (voice box) |
| nas/o | nose |
| rhin/o | nose |
| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
| tonsill/o | tonsils |
| trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
| alveo/o | aveolus; air sac |
| bronch/o | bronchus (plural, bronchi) |
| bronchi/o | bronchus (plural, bronchi) |
| bronchiol/o | bronchiole |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| pneum/o | air;lung |
| pneumon/o | air;lung |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| thorac/o | chest |
| aer/o | air |
| cyan/o | blue |
| mastoid/o | mastoid process (houses air cells which direct sound waves into the inner ear) |
| muc/o | mucus |
| myc/o | fungus |
| orth/o | straight |
| py/o | pus |
| -oma | tumor |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| a- | without, not |
| brady- | slow |
| dys- | bad; painful; difficult |
| eu- | good, normal |
| tachy- | rapid |
| -scope | instrument for examining |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -rrhea | discharge, flow |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction, twitching |
| -tomy | incision |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -estasis | expansion, dilation |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -algia | pain |
| -dynia | pain |
| melan | black |
| -ia | condition |
| -logist | specialist in the study of |
| -pathy | disease |
| -phagia | swallowing, eating |
| -osis | abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells) |
| -ord | resembling |
| -pena | breathing |
| -thorax | chest |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| laryngoscope | instrument for examining the larynx |
| nasal | pertaining to the nose |
| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose (runny nose), often the result of a cold or allergy |
| pharyngospasm | twitching or involuntary contractions of the pharynx (throat) |
| tonsillectomy | excision of the tonsils |
| tracheotomy | incision of the trachea |
| alveolar | pertaining to alveolus (alveoli, plural) |
| bronchoscopy | visual examining of the bronchus (or bronchi) through a bronchoscope |
| bronchiectasis | expansion or dilation of a bronchus (or bronchi) |
| bronchiolitis | inflammation of the bronchiole(s) |
| phrenalgia | pain in the diaphragm |
| pleurodynia | pain in the pleura |
| pneumomelanosis | abnormal condition of blackening of the lung tissue (caused by inhalation of coal dust or other black particles |
| pneumonia | abnormal condition of the lung |
| pulmonoligist | physician or medical specialist who treats pulmonary diseases |
| thoracopathy | disease of the thorax |
| aerophagia | swallowing air |
| cyanosis | abnormal condition of blue (skin) |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of one of the mastoid bones, usually an extension of a middle ear infection |
| mucoid | resembling mucus |
| mycosis | any disease induced by a fungus |
| orthopnea | (labored) breathing that improves when standing or siting up |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest |
| chondroma | tumor composed of cartilage |
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| laryngoplegia | paralysis of the larynx (voice box) |
| apnea | not breathing |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| dyspnea | bad, painful, or difficult breathing |
| eupnea | normal, unlabored breathing |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
| crackles | Fine crackling or bubbling sounds, commonly heard during inspiration when there is fluid in the alveoli; also called rales |
| friction rub | Dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation (listening for sounds within the body) |
| rhonic | Loud coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration; caused by obstructed airways |
| wheezes | Continuous high-pitched whistling sound, usually during expiration; caused by narrowing of an airway |
| acidosis | Excessive acidity of blood due to an accumulation of acids or an excessive loss of bicarbonate caused by abnormally high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body |
| acid | acid |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | Life- threatening build-up of fluid in the air sacs (alveoli) that prevents oxygen from passing into the bloodstream; also called adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) |
| anosmia | Absence or decrease in the sense of smell |
| anoxia | Total absence of O2 in the body tissues;caused by a lack of O2 in inhaled air or by obstruction that prevents O2 from reaching the lungs |
| asphyxia | Condition of insufficient intake of oxygen due to chocking, toxic gases, electric shock, drugs, drowning, smoke, and trauma |
| asthma | Inflammatory airway disorder that results in attacks of wheezing, shortness of breath that gets worse wit exercise or activity, and coughing (with or without sputum) |
| atelectasis | Collapse of lung tissue, which prevents the respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| bronchitis | Acute or chronic inflammation of mucous membranes of the bronchial airways caused by irritation, infection, or both |
| coryza | Acute inflammation of the nasal passage accompanied by profuse nasal discharge; also called a cold |
| croup | Acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primary in children and infants and is characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spams, barking cough, and stridor |
| an- | without, not |
| -osmia | smell |
| oxia | oxygen |
| as- | without, not |
| phyxia | pulse |
| atel | incomplete; imperfect |
| -ectasis | dilation, expansion |
| cysticfibrosis (CF) | Genetic disease that is one of the most common types of chronic lung disease in children and young adults and causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive tract, possibly resulting in early death |
| cyst | bladder |
| fibr | fiber, fibrous tissue |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| emphysemaa | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that makes it difficult to breathe and is characterized by loss of elasticity of lung tissue that causes the small airways to collapse during forced exhalation |
| epistaxis | Hemorrhage from the nose; also called nosebleed |
| epi- | above, upon |
| -staxis | dripping, oozing (of blood) |
| hypercapania | Greater than normal amount of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hyper- | excessive, above normal |
| -capnia | carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| hypoxemia | Deficiency of oxygen in the blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment |
| hyp- | under, below, deficient |
| ox | oxygen |
| -emia | blood condition |
| hypoxia | Deficiency of oxygen in the body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment |
| -oxia | oxygen |
| influenza | Acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain |
| otitis media (OM) | Inflammation of the middle ear, commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection (URI) with systoms of otodynia; may be treated with myringotomy or tympanostomy tubes |
| ot | ear |
| med | |
| -ia | condition |
| exudative | OM with the presence of fluid, such as pus or serum |
| pertussis | Acute infectious disease characterized by a "whoop"-sounding cough; also called whooping cough |
| pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by deep breathing or coughing |
| pleur | pleura |
| -isy | state of; condition |
| pneumothorax | Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of a lung |
| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well, or virtually well, infant; also called crib death |
Created by:
bdbrinegar
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