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Vocab
Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment | Ecology |
| Contains the combined proportions of the planet in which all of life exists | Biosphere |
| A group of organisms | Species |
| Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area | Population |
| Assemblages of different populations | Community |
| A collection of all organisms that live in particular place with their nonliving, physical environment | Ecosystem |
| Group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities | Biome |
| Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds | Autotroph |
| Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds | Producer |
| Process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates | Photosynthesis |
| Process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates | Chemosynthesis |
| Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply | Heterotroph |
| Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply | Consumer |
| Organism that only eats plants | Herbivore |
| Organism that obtains energy by eating animals | Carnivore |
| Organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals | Omnivore |
| Organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter | Detritivore |
| Organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter | Decomposer |
| Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | Food chain |
| Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem | Food web |
| Step in a food chain or web | Tropic level |
| Diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each tropic level in a food chain or food web | Ecological pyramid |
| Total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level | Biomass |
| Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another | Biogeochemical cycle |
| Process by which water changes from a liquid into an atmospheric gas | Evaporation |
| Loss of water from a plant through its leaves | Transpiration |
| Chemical substance that an organism requires to live | Nutrient |
| Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia | Nitrogen fixation |
| in areas with dry climates, a process caused by a combination of poor farming practices, overgrazing, and drought that turns productive land nit desert | Denitrification |
| Rate at which organic matter is created by producers in an ecosystem | Primary productivity |
| Single nutrient that either is scarce or cycles very slowly, limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem | Limiting nutrient |
| An immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of a limiting nutrient | Algal bloom |
Created by:
rachelebrady
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