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MICAB - Exam 1

Lecture 2

QuestionAnswer
Define virulence an organism's ability to cause an infection and establish disease (pathogenicity); attributed to differences in genomes
Define infection Bacteria capable of causing disease becomes established within the host.
Define colonization Persistence within the host of a disease causing bacterium without symptoms (asymptomatic carriers)
Define disease Infection that produces symptoms.
Two categories of virulence factors Promotion of colonization (invasion into the host) and agents that cause damage to the host (toxins)
A-B Toxins Separate peptides that mediate host binding (B) and toxin activity (A), eg. Diphtheriae, cholerae, and tetanus
Membrane disrupting toxins Hemolysins and phospholipases, eg. a-toxin of C. perfingens.
Superantigens Act by stimulating T-cells to release cytokines. eg. S. aureus -toxic shock protein.
AB Toxins do this to inactive proteins Ribosylate
Bactericidal Permanent loss of replication
Bacteriostatic Temporary loss of replication
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Lowest concentration that inhibits growth
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) Lowest concentration that reduces growth by 99 %
Created by: Krafty
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