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POLS 100-2
am government 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| articles of confederation | basis of government for thirteen original states, written in 1776, adopted by all states by 1781 |
| constitution | establishes structure, function, and limits of government |
| natural law | doctrine where society should be ruled by ethics and reason |
| democracy | govt gives power to people, directly or through elected individuals |
| confederation | government where national derives powers from states, league of individual states |
| committee of correspondence | kept colonists informed about the british, served to mold public opinion about british |
| social contract theory | people are free and equal by god-given right and consent to be governed and give up some rights to preserve social order. john locke, dec of independence. |
| federalists | first party, favored constitution and a strong national government |
| libertarian | favors free market economy with no government interference on personal property |
| full faith and credit clause | ensures judicial decree and contracts made in one state are binding and enforcable in another |
| New Jersey Plan | proposition for constitution, one vote for each state, congress had supreme law |
| Virginia Plan | first plan for constitution, proposed by J. Madison, legislature to choose executive and judicial |
| reserved or police powers | powers reserved to states by tenth am. lie at the foundation of right to legislate for welfare of people |
| (elastic)necessary and proper clause | congress can pass all laws to carry out enumerated powers from constitution |
| implied powers | derived from enumerated powers and implied through delegated powers to congress |
| thirteenth amendment | one of three civil war am, bans slavery in the united states |
| fourteenth amendment | one of three civil war am, equal protection and due process to all |
| fifteenth amendment | one of three civil war am, african americans can actually vote, enfranchised newly freed male slaves |
| nineteenth amendment | granted women the right to vote |
| public interest group | groups for a collective good, not monetary benefit |
| political action committee | fund-raisers for political interest groups |
| coalition | groups join forces for purpose of electing public officials |
| civil service laws | acts removed by staffing of bureaucracy and created a professional bureaucracy filled through competition |
| majority rule | central premise of direct democracy. only policies that collectively garner the support of a majority of voters will be made to law |
| critical election | signals party realignment through voter polarization around new issues |
| Great Compromise | constitutional convention, each state given same number of people in senate and in the House it's measured by population of the state |
| social capital | facilitate resolution of community problems through collective action |
| republic | govt rooted in consent of governed. Rep've or indirect democracy |
| interest group | groups that influence public policy |
| exclusionary rule | police can't use illegally obtained evidence in a trial |
| enumerated powers | taxation, coinage, commerce, national defense. powers to congress |
| patron | person who finances a group or activity |
| collective good | value that can't be taken from a group's non-member |
| equal rights amendment | am to bar discrimination against women by fed/state gov |
| indirect democracy (representative) | govt give people chance to vote for people who will work on their behalf |
| cooperative federalism | relationship between national and state govt that began with the New Deal |
| due process clause | fifth, fourteenth amend. protection from economic liberty to criminal procedure to arbritrary govt action |
| strict scrutiny | heightened standard of review by supreme court to determine validity of a challenged practice |
| personal liberty | demands for freedom to engage in a variety of practices free from govt discrim'n. initially meant freedom from govt interference |
| new federalism | fed/state relationship by Reagan in 80s. returned administrative power to state govts |
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