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Computer Basics
Programming
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Application Software | A type of software that includes programs that help people do certain tasks. |
| Binary Code | Language a computer can understand. Is made up of a series of ones and zeros. |
| Boot | The process of starting or resetting a computer. |
| Byte | Stands for a single character of data. A gigabyte equals 1,000,000,000 (1 Billion) of these. |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | A silicon chip that processes data and carries out instructions given to the computer. Also known as the microprocessor. |
| Compact Disc (CD) | An optical storage device that uses laser technology to store information. |
| Computer | A device that can store, retrieve, manipulate, and process data to produce an outcome. |
| Floppy Disc | A magnetic, non-rigid storage device that can be used to store data and transport it to another computer. |
| Graphical User Interface (GUI) | Allows people to select text, icons, and menu items on the computer screen to choose commands and files and to start application software. It makes computers user friendly. |
| Hard Drive | A storage device that reads and writes data to and from around, rigid disks in the computer. |
| Hardware | The physical equipment of a computer. |
| Headphones | An output device that produces sound. |
| Information Technology | The use of technology tools. |
| Input Device | A device through which a computer takes in information. |
| Keyboard | An input device that is used to type text and commands into a computer. |
| Modem | A device or type of expansion card that sends and receives information via a telephone to and from a computer. |
| Monitor | An output device that displays text, objects, graphics, photographs, video, and animation on a screen. |
| Mouse | A hand-held pointing device that controls the cursor. |
| Network | Two or more computers linked together to share files, software, and resources, such as printers. |
| Operating System | The most important type of system software that manages how a computer's hardware and the CPU communicate, manages files, and runs application software. |
| Output Device | A device through which a computer sends out information. |
| Peripherals | Additional components besides the main parts of the computer such as printers and scanners. |
| Printer | An output device that transfers information to a hard copy, such as paper or a transparency. |
| Processing | A basic computer function that refers to when a computer uses information. |
| Program | An application or software. |
| Random Access Memory (RAM) | Short-term memory, it forgets everything it knows when the computer is turned off. |
| Read Only Memory (ROM) | Small bit of memory that stays in the computer when it is turned off. It lets the computer "boot up" or get started. |
| Scanner | An input device that is used to change images into information that a computer can read. |
| Software | A set of instructions that makes the computer hardware work. |
| Storage | A basic computer function that refers to when information is saved in a computer. |
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