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APSC
Chapter 2 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nutrients | chemical substances that provide nourishment to the body |
| Per capita | per unit of population |
| pig | Most important meat source |
| Poultry meat production rate | growing 3% annually |
| Total world milk production rate | increasing about 2% per year |
| Dairy products | What supplies the major source of fat in human diets? |
| Metric tons (MT) | approximately 1.1 U.S. tons. Equal to 1 million grams or 1000 kilograms |
| Essential fatty acids | fatty acids required in the diet |
| By-products | substances and products remaining that still have value even after the products of greatest value get removed |
| Liver | What organ meat is most widely used? |
| 83% | Approximately how much milk comes from cattle? |
| Ghee | clarified liquid butter |
| dairying | What is a very efficient means of converting animal feed to people food? |
| chickens | What animal produces the most eggs for human consumption? |
| Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) | largest autonomous agency within United Nations system. It works to alleviate poverty and hunger by promoting agricultural development |
| Nutrient density | measurement of the nutrients found in a food compared to the calorie content |
| meat | In developed countries, what accounts for the largest share of food cost? |
| Body coverings | What are the most important products from some animals? |
| Hides/skins | In poor countries, what is the most valuable animal export product that may provide valuable foreign currency? |
| Mohair and cashmere | What are the two types of body coverings goats yield that used for making fabrics? |
| Mohair | What is clipped from the Angora goat each year? |
| Cashmere(pashmina) | What is the very fine underfur of the Kashmir goat? |
| Karakul and Kuche | What are the fur-bearing breeds of sheep? |
| Silk | What material is important in production agriculture in China, India,and Uzbekistan? |
| Machines | In developed agriculture, what provides most farms their power |
| Draft | to move loads by drawing or pulling. A draft animal is one that is used to draw or pull loads |
| 50% | In developing countries, how much land is tilled by draft animals? |
| Compost | decayed organic matter used for fertilizing land |
| Manure | What do farmers use to improve soil texture? |
| Manure | What is used in developed countries as a source of fertility |
| 5% | What percent of U.S. cropland is fertilized with livestock manure? |
| Fuel | In developing areas of the world, what is manure used as? |
| Cow and/or buffalo manure | What do people from Africa and Asia use as plaster for their huts? |
| Poultice | a soft, moist mass held between layers of cloth,(usually warm) and applied to some area of the body |
| Urine | What is used to enhance soil fertility in many parts of the world due to its nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium content? |
| Grazing animals | What is used to control vegetation? |
| Ducks | What are used in rice fields after harvest to pick up missed grain and reduce insect populations? |
| Pesticides | any agent or poison used to destroy pests including fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, and rodenticides |
| Livestock | What do people in developing countries use for storing their surplus capital? |
| Animals | What represents one of the most reliable reserve food supplies in many countries of the world? |
| Combined animal recreation events | In developing regions, what represents the largest source of entertainment for people? |
| True | Animals play an important role in the traditional way that formal contracts are sealed and social obligations met. |
| Pet foods and livestock feeds | What are many inedible meat products used for? |
| Animals | What have been used extensively as models in biomedical research? |
| Recombinant DNA | DNA molecules that have had new genetic material inserted into them; product and tool of genetic engineering |
| Xenotransplantation | transplanting of animal organs into humans |
| Animal agriculture | What is a highly specialized means of using land and labor to generate earnings |
| Animals | What does developing-country agriculture depend on for income? |
| greater than $110 billion | What are annual cash receipts from animal agriculture? |
| Controlling pests, using alley-cropping systems where leguminous trees are planted in strips with animals and crops alternated between them; and providing alternative use in tree cropping systems | What vital roles do domestic animals play in land and water conservation practices? |
| Companion animal | an animal to whom an owner has an intense emotionally tie |
| Contract grower | producers who contract with an organization to produce a product for a price determined through a contractile arrangement |
| Economy of size | a relatively simple concept revolving around the maximization of the use of equipment, labor, and other costly items |
| Farrow | In swine, term used to indicate giving birth |
| Feeder pig | generally thought of as a pig weighing between 30 and 90 lbs.; some regional difference in this range |
| Feedlot | area where livestock gets fed |
| Grain-fed beef | meat from cattle that have undergone a significant grain feeding |
| Finishing phase | final feeding stage when animals are readied for market |
| Forage | fiber-containing feeds like grass or hay; can be grazed or harvested for feeding |
| Milk | normal secretion of the mammary |
| Mohair | fiber produced by Angora goat |
| Nursery pig | term often used to indicate an early-weaned pig of light weight that is housed in special, environmentally controlled nursery facilities |
| Nutrient | a chemical substance that provides nourishment to the body;essential nutrients are those necessary for normal maintenance, growth and functioning |
| Nutrient density | measurement of the essential nutrients found in a food compared to the calorie content of the food |
| Seed stock | broodstock intended for future production |
| Stocker calf | weaned calf being grown prior to placement in a feedlot for finishing |
| Vertical integration | the control of two adjacent stages stages in the vertical marketing channel from producers to consumers |
| Xeno-transplantation | transplanting animal organs into humans |
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David55900
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