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Science Test 1

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
What is the shaking of Earth's crust? earthquake
What is the deepest layer of Earth? core
What is the thickest layer of Earth, made of solid and melted rock? mantle
What is the point on Earth's surface right above the focus of an earthquake? epicenter
What is the layer of Earth that includes land and the ocean floor? crust
What are the continent-sized slabs that make up the crust and upper mantle? plates
What is the break in Earth's crust along which rocks move? fault
What is an instrument that records earthquake waves? seismograph
What is the underground point where an earthquake first starts? focus
What is earth's hottest layer? inner core
Earth's plates move very slowly across Earth's surface on a thin layer of partly melted _____. mantle
What do seismographs, the Mercalli scale, and the richter scale all measure? earthquakes
California has more than 20,000 earthquakes a year because there is a large _____ running through the state. fault
Some volcanoes can form new ______ as plates move apart. ocean floor
Different kinds of ____ form different kinds of volcanic mountains. eruptions
What two metals make up the core? iron and nickel
What can form when two plates collide? mountains and volcanoes
What can form when two plates move past each other? earthquakes
What is a mountain that may form around an opening in Earth's surface where an eruption occurs? volcano
What is the melted rock that reaches Earth's surface called? lava
What is the melted rock inside Earth called? magma
What is an underground pool that holds magma? magma chamber
What is the rocky opening in a volcano through which magma rises toward the surface? vent
What is the large basin formed at the top of a volcano? crater
Created by: MissMeyer
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