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Cliff: Chapter 13

TermDefinition
Tissues Groups of similar cells performing a common function
Organ Group of different types of tissues functioning together to perform a particular function
Organ System Two or more organs working together to accomplish a particular task
Negative Feedback A change in a condition is detected and a metabolic process is initiated to return the condition to an earlier state.
Homeostasis The maintenance of stable, internal conditions within narrow limits.
Positive Feedback A change in a condition initiates a process that intensifies the condition so that it is driven further beyond normal limits.
Neuron Nerve cell. Basic structural unit of the nervous system.
Cell Body Contains the nucleus and other cellular organelles.
Dendrite Short, abundantly branched, slender extension of the cell body that receives stimuli.
Axon Long, slender extension of the cell body that sends nerve impulses.
Sensory Neurons Afferent Neurons. Receive the initial stimulus.
Motor Neurons Efferent Neurons. Stimulate effectors.
Effectors Target cells that produce some kind of response.
Interneurons Association Neurons. Receive impulses from sensory neurons or send impulses to motor neurons.
Polarized There is a difference in electrical charge between the outside and the inside of the membrane.
Resting Potential Describes the unstimulated, polarized state of a neuron.
Depolarized More positive on the inside
Hyperpolarized More negative on the inside.
Graded Potential Weak stimuli that cause small variations in the membrane potential
Voltage-Gated Ion Channels On response to a stimulus, they suddenly open and permit the Na+ on the outside to rush into the cell.
Action Potential Complete depolarization
Repolarization Restoring the original membrane potential.
Myelin Sheath Consists of a series of Schwann cells that encircle the axon.
Schwann Cells Act as insulators and are separated by nodes of Ranvier.
Nodes of Ranvier Gaps of unsheathed axon.
Created by: Gianna B
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