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#5

Elsakka/Chapter 3-1/Volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
What is a volcano? a weak spot in the crust where molten material comes to the surface
What is magma and what is it made of? molten material which consists of 3 things (rock-forming substances, gases, & water)
What is lava? molten material that has reached the surface
When molten material cools, what does it form? igneous rock
Can volcanic activity be considered constructive? Why or why not? Yes, because it a creates new rock and forms islands.
Where are Earth's volcanic regions found AND why are they found there? at diverging (pull apart) & converging (push together) plate boundaries...They are found there because at those areas the crust is weak which allows volcanic activity to occur
Where are most diverging plate boundaries found? At the mid-ocean ridge where sea-floor spreading occurs
Where are most converging plate boundaries found? At subduction zones (where subduction occurs)
What is the Ring of Fire? a volcanic belt that rims the Pacific Ocean
How does oceanic crust eventually become magma? The oceanic crust sinks through a trench and into the mantle. Then, it melts to form magma. (This is essentially the process of subduction).
What is an island arc? a string/chain of islands created by volcanic activity at CONVERGENT plate boundaries.
What process forms island arcs? subduction (at convergent plate boundaries) AND then, magma seeps upward creating volcanoes
Where are some major island arcs located? Japan, New Zealand, Indonesia, Caribbean islands, and the Philippines NOTE: the Hawaiian islands are not at convergent plate boundaries. Therefore, they are NOT considered an island arc).
What is a hot spot? a volcanic area
Where are hot spots located? in the middle of continental or oceanic plates AWAY from plate boundaries
Give an example of a hot spot on oceanic crust? the Hawaiian islands (Pacific plate)
Give an example of a hot spot on continental crust? Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming (North American plate)
Created by: nagla929
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