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Chapter 2 Vocab
Life Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organisms | a living thing |
| Cell | the basic unit of structure and functions in an organism |
| Unicellular | single-cell organisms |
| Mulitcellular | organisms are composed of many cells that are specialized to do certain tasks |
| Stimulus | a change in an organism’s surroundings that cause the organism to react |
| Response | an action or change in behavior |
| Development | is the process of change that occurs during an organism’s life to produce a more complex organism |
| Spontaneous Generation | the mistake idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources |
| Autotrophs | organisms that make their own food |
| Heterotrophs | Organisms that cannot make their own food |
| Homeostasis | the maintenance of stable internal conditions |
| Classification | the process of grouping things based on their similarities |
| Taxonomy | the scientific study of how living things are classified |
| Binomial Nomenclature | the naming system Linnaeus used |
| Genus | a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms |
| Species | a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| Prokaryotes | are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus |
| Nucleus | is a dense area in a cell that contains nucleic acids the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities |
| Eukaryotes | organisms with cells that contain nuclei |
| Microscope | an instrument that makes small objects look larger |
| Cell Theory | is a widely accepted explanations of the relationship between cells and living things |
| Organelle | carry out specific functions within the cell |
| Cell Wall | a rigid layer of nonliving materials that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms |
| Cell Membrane | controls what substances come into and out of a cell |
| Cytoplasm | the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus |
| Mitochondria | the powerhouse of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | carry protein and other materials from one part of the cell to another |
| Ribosomes | produce protein |
| Golgi Body | receive proteins and other newly formed material from endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them |
| Chloroplast | capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell |
| Vacuoles | are the storage areas of cells |
| Lysosomes | are small, round structures containing that break down certain materials in the cell |
Created by:
Ben Rodriguez
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