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Science

Chapter 2 Vocab

TermDefinition
cell membrane protective outer covering of all cells that regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment
cell theory states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells
cell wall rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria
chloroplast green, chlorophyll-containing, plant-cell organelle that uses light energy to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water
cytoplasm constantly moving gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains hereditary material and is the location of most of a cell's life processes
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cytoplasmic organelle that moves materials around in a cell and is made up of a complex series of folded membranes; can be rough (with attached ribosomes) or smooth (without attached ribosomes)
Golgi bodies organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell
host cell living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli
mitochondrion cell organelle that breaks down food and releases energy
nucleus organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made up of proteins and DNA
organ structure, such as the heart, made up of different types of tissues that all work together
organelle structure in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that can act as a storage site, process energy, move materials, or manufacture substances
ribosome small cytoplasmic structure on which cells make their own proteins
tissue group of similar cells that work together to do one job
virus a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating that can infect and multiply in a host cell
Created by: jrobertson1
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