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2.2 and 2.3 Vocab.

TermDefinition
classification the process of grouping things based on their similarities
taxonomy the scientific study of how living things are classified
binomial nomenclature the two part naming system Linnaeus used
genus a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms; the first name of the scientific name
species a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce; second name of the scientific name
prokaryote organisms whose cells lack a nucleus
nucleus a dense area in a cell that contains nucleic acids
eukaryote organisms with cells that contain nuclei
microscope an instrument that makes small objects look larger
cell theory a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things
organelle tiny cell structures
cell wall rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
cell membrane controls what substances come into and out of a cell
cytoplasm the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
mitochondria known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions
endoplasmic reticulum a maze of passageways which carry proteins from one part of the cell to another
ribosome small, grain-like bodies that function as factories to produce proteins
Golgi bodies receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell
chloroplast green organelles that capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
vacuole large, water-filled sac and they are the storage areas of cells
lysosome small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell
Created by: S730503
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