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Chapter 1
Earth, Moon, and Sun
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| astronomy | the study the moon, stars, and other objects in space |
| axis | the imaginary line that passed through Earth's center and the north and south poles |
| rotation | the spinning of earth on its axis |
| revolution | movement of one object around another |
| orbit | a path of an object takes as it revolves around another object |
| calander | a system of organizing time that defines the beginning length and divisions of a year |
| solstice | when the sin is farthest north or south of the equater |
| equinox | when the noon sun is directly overhead at the equator, happens 2 a year |
| force | a push or pull |
| gravity | attracts all objects toward each other |
| law of universal gravitation | states that every object in the universe attracts every other object |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| weight | the force of gravity on an object |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| Newton's first law of motion | says that an object at rest will stay at rest and a object in motion will stay in motion |
| phases | the different shapes of the moon you see from earth |
| eclipse | when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object it casts a shadow on the object |
| solar eclipse | when a new moon blocks your view of the sun |
| umbra | the very darkest part of the moon's shadow |
| penumbra | the moon casts a part of its shadow that is less then the umbra |
| lunar eclipse | occurs at a full moon when the Earth is directly between the moon and the sun |
| tide | the rise and fall of ocean water that occurs every 12.5 hours or so |
| spring tide | combined forces produce a tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides |
| neap tide | the sun's pull is at right angles to the moon's pull |
| telescope | a device built to observe distant objects by making them appear closer |
| maria | the moon's surface's dark flat areas |
| craters | large round pits on the moon's surface |
| meteoroids | chunks of rock or dust from space |
Created by:
mjbernhardt3
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