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APG Chapter 1
Introduction to Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. In what ways is there a gap between the elderly and the young concerning politics? | 2. Political knowledge, participation, and interest as well as use of media |
| 3. What does political knowledge encourage? | 4. Tolerance |
| 5. Why does voter turnout matter? | 6. Politicians pay more attention to voters than non-voters. |
| 7. What is a benefit of the internet for democracy? | 8. It is easier to communicate directly with government |
| 9. What is detriment of the internet for democracy? | 10. It is easy to tune out opposing views and become intolerant |
| 11. What do we call the institutions that make public policy? | 12. Government |
| 13. What do all governments do, democratic and non-democratic? | 14. Maintain national defense, provide public goods and services, collect taxes, socialize the young into the political system |
| 15. What fraction of dollars earned in the United States are used to pay taxes? | 16. 1/3 |
| 17. A single-minded interest group that only votes according to one issue are known as: | 18. Single-issue interest groups or single interest groups |
| 19. What interest groups are uninterested in compromise? | 20. Single-issue interest groups or single interest groups |
| 21. How is voter turnout in the United States compared to many countries? | 22. Low |
| 23. How many opportunities do Americans have to vote compared to many countries? | 24. Many |
| 25. What do democratic governments do that non-democratic governments don’t? | 26. Protect civil liberties |
| 27. What are the various policymaking institutions of American government? | 28. Congress, Presidency, Supreme Court |
| 29. What is the most common way for a government to protect national sovereignty? | 30. Armed Forces (Military) |
| 31. What do we call the process by which political leaders are selected and those leaders choose policies to pursue? | 32. Politics |
| 33. What benefits are shared by everyone? | 34. Public goods |
| 35. Who defines governments as “who gets what, when and how”? | 36. Harold Laswell |
| 37. What is a reason some public goods are not provided by private businesses? | 38. They aren’t profitable |
| 39. What do we call the activity of getting involved in politics? | 40. Political participation |
| 41. What system allows our government to respond to public priorities? | 42. Policymaking system |
| 43. What do we call the channel or medium through which public concerns become part of the political agenda? | 44. A linkage institution |
| 45. What do we call the process by which policy comes into being and changes over time? | 46. Policymaking system |
| 47. What do we call the institutions that link public preferences to policymakers? | 48. Linkage institutions |
| 49. What are the linkage institutions? | 50. Political parties, interest groups, elections, and media |
| 51. How are political parties a linkage institution? | 52. Voters choose candidates who support shared policy views |
| 53. How are interest groups a linkage institution? | 54. Interest groups speak for a group of citizens with common views on certain policy issues |
| 55. How are elections a linkage institution? | 56. Voters choose candidates who support their policy views |
| 57. How is the media a linkage institution? | 58. The media focuses public attention on issues and reports public preferences |
| 59. What do we call the issues that public officials choose to pay serious attention to? | 60. The policy agenda |
| 61. What kind of news gets on the policy agenda more quickly? | 62. Bad news |
| 63. What is a key difference between interest groups and parties even though both want to influence policy? | 64. Parties seek to have members gain elected office |
| 65. When do political issues concerning a problem arise? | 66. When people disagree on the policy to follow |
| 67. The first key question for government about different policy choices is this. | 68. Should government even do anything about issue |
| 69. Who published The Communist Manifesto? | 70. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels |
| 71. Who published The Wealth of Nations? | 72. Adam Smith |
| 73. How did the writers of the U.S. Constitution feel about democracy? | 74. They were distrustful. |
| 75. What are Dahl’s criteria for Democracy? | 76. Inclusion, knowledgeable citizens, free communication and information, equality in voting, open citizenship to all within a nation |
| 77. For a democracy to work, majority rule must be balanced with this. | 78. Minority rights |
| 79. What is a key word for understanding pluralism? | 80. Compromise |
| 81. What is a key word for understanding hyperpluralism? | 82. Policy gridlock |
| 83. What is a key concept to both pluralism and hyperpluralism? | 84. Group competition |
| 85. What is the term for the correspondence between the decisions of leaders and the desires of citizens in a democracy? | 86. Representation |
| 87. What is the name for the twisted argument that a non-democratic form of government can serve the interests of the people and, if it does, should be considered democratic? | 88. Democratic centralism |
| 89. What percentage of Americans do elite theorists believe control policy? | 90. Less than 1 percent |
| 91. What percentage of America’s wealth is owned by the top 1% of Americans in terms of wealth? | 92. Over a third |
| 93. What percentage of America’s wealth is owned by the top 20% of Americans in terms of wealth? | 94. Over 80% or 4/5 |
| 95. What theory holds that wealth is the basis of power? | 96. Elite theory or class theory |
| 97. Some elite theorists argue that specialized knowledge is now of great importance in making policy. Who do they place in the elite? | 98. Technical experts |
| 99. What are some modern challenges to democracy? | 100. Diverse interests, low participation, PACs, specialized knowledge needed for complex issues |
| 101. What is a PAC? | 102. A Political Action Committee – group that spends money on campaigns for interest groups |
| 103. What is the concern people have over PACs? | 104. Influence of money |
| 105. What percentage of American wealth is spent by national, state, and local governments? | 106. About 1/3 |
| 107. What percentage of land does the American government own? | 108. About 1/3 |
| 109. What is the largest item in the United States budget? | 110. Social security payments |
| 111. The relative scope of American government is: | 112. Small |
| 113. What does Frederick Jackson Turner claim led Americans to prefer limited government. | 114. The Frontier Experience |
| 115. What do we call the effects of a policy on people and society’s problems? | 116. Policy impact |
| 117. How does democracy function as a political system? | 118. Policymakers are selected in a way that causes policy to represent public wishes or preferences |
| 119. What is a simple way to express the ideal notion of equality in voting? | 120. “one person, one vote” |
| 121. What is the democratic principle that the majority should generally decide policy? | 122. Majority rule (Majoritarianism) |
| 123. What theory argues that group competition and compromise leads to public policy that serves the public interest? | 124. Pluralism |
| 125. What theory holds that American society is divided along class lines and a powerful minority makes most public policy? | 126. Elitism or elite theory |
| 127. What theory holds that special interest groups control government to achieve narrow interests leading to a weak and paralyzed government? | 128. Hyperpluralism |
| 129. What occurs when groups conflict but no majority of groups can be formed to make policy? | 130. Policy gridlock |
| 131. What do you call a set of political values held by most in a society? | 132. Political culture |
| 133. What part of the American creed is reflected in the more limited and smaller scope of American government? | 134. Laissez-faire |
| 135. A Congressional law and a government regulation are examples of this. | 136. Public policy |
| 137. What are some examples of a collective good? | 138. Clean air |
| 139. What policymaker was responsible for the troop surge in Afghanistan? | 140. Presidency |
| 141. What kind of public policy concerns legislation of taxes and expenditures? | 142. Budget making |
| 143. Which traditional democratic principle is violated when wealthy elites overly influence policy? | 144. Citizen control of the agenda |
| 145. What does the “who” of politics refer to? | 146. Voters, candidates, groups, parties |
| 147. What does the “what” of politics refer to? | 148. The substance of government and politics – the benefits and burdens of policy |
| 149. What is included in public policy? | 150. All decisions and non-decisions of government |
| 151. What freedoms are required to have the democratic principle of enlightened understanding? | 152. Free speech and free press |
| 153. Which political theory concerning who makes policy has an optimistic view of group competition arguing that no one group dominates yet the public interest is served. | 154. Pluralism |
| 155. What is central to all theories of elite domination of politics? | 156. Big business |
| 157. Wilson defines this as an “intense commitment to a candidate, a culture, or an ideology that sets the people in one group definitively apart from people in another, rival group”? | 158. polarization |
Created by:
Mr McNair
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