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Bio: Chapter 2

TermDefinition
Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Element Substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.
Compound A substance consisting of 2 or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio.
Trace Elements Elements required by an organism in only minute quantities. Ex: Fe, I.
Atom Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element.
Atomic Number # of protons
Mass Number/ Atomic Mass # of protons + # of neutrons
Isotopes Different atomic mass in the same element due to different number of neutrons
Radioactive Isotope Isotope where the nucleus decays spontaneously giving off particles of energy
Energy The capacity to cause change
Potential Energy The energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure.
Electronegativity The attraction of a particular kind of atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.
Nonpolar Covalent Bond When the electrons are shared equally.
Polar Covalent Bond Electrons are transferred
Ion Charged atom.
Cation Charge is positive
Anion Charge is negative
Hydrogen Bond Forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom.
van der Waals Interactions Weak and only occur when atoms and molecules are very close together. Ex: Allows geckos to climb up walls.
Created by: Gianna B
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