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Medical Technology
Set #4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Grains, fruits, vegetables, first source for energy, also contains fiber. |
| Fats | Animal products, nuts, & oils. Builds cell walls & assists with use of vitamins. Second choice for energy. |
| Proteins | Meat, beans, milk products, eggs, nuts/seeds. Builds new tissue. Used for energy when carbs & fats are not available. |
| Fat Soluble Vitamins | Stored in body fat, so they don't need to be eaten daily! Includes: A, D, E, & K. |
| Water Soluble Vitamins | Dissolve in water & are needed daily for good nutrition. Includes: C & B complex. |
| Minerals | Help provide structure within the body & help regulate body processes. |
| Water | Half to two-thirds of body weight is water. You need 48-96 ounces per day. |
| 30 Milliliters | Equals one ounce. |
| High Protein Diet | For tissue damage, wound healing. Increase in protein & supplements with protein given. |
| Low Fat Diet | For high cholesterol, gall bladder disease, liver problems. No fats. |
| ADA Diet | Diabetic diet. Lists calories for the day. Pt must eat all food or get a substitute for food not eaten. |
| Intake | All the liquids a pt consumes. |
| Output | Elimination of fluids a person consumes |
| Force Fluids | Pt must have extra fluid. Offer liquid frequently. |
| Fluid Restriction | Pt will have an amount to drink for each shift. Pt must receive all of the amount ordered, but no more! |
| Dehydration | Too little fluid in the body. |
| Edema | Too much fluid in the body. |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty with swallowing, especially water. |
| Thickened Liquids | Substance added to make liquids thicker. Used for pt's that have trouble swallowing. |
| Clothing Protector | Special cloth that is used at meal time to protect residents clothes from spills. |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth. |
| Clear Liquid | Used after surgery. Only items that are cleared or have no caffeine. |
| Full Liquid | Next step after CL diet. Anything that is liquid when at room temperature. |
| Mechanical Soft | Next step after a FL, or used for pts with trouble chewing. Items that are soft to eat or are chopped. |
| Pureed | For pts that cannot chew or swallow well. Food is put into blender. |
| Low Sodium | For heart/kidney disease or edema. No salty foods. No salt on tray. |
| Low Protein | For kidney disease. No high protein food are given. |
| BRAT | For diarrhea. (BANANA, RICE, APPLESAUCE, TOAST) |
| Diet Card | Information about the pt's special diet, allergies, likes/dislikes, & other instructions. |
| Fluid Balance | Maintaining equal input & output. |
| High Residue | Increased fiber diet that adds whole grain, & raw fruits/ vegetables. *Used for constipation* |
| Low Residue | Decreased fiber diet which restricts whole grain,nuts, seeds, raw foods, dairy, & coffee. *Used for bowel problems* |
| Nasogastric Tube | Tube inserted through the nose into stomach. |
| PEG Tube | Tube inserted through the abdomen into the stomach. (PEG= Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube) |
| Tube Feeding | Use of an n/g or PEG tube to gibe liquid nutrition to a pt. |
| Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) | Solution of nutrients given through IV tube. |
| Diuretics | Medicine used to decrease fluid volume through urination. |
| Stress | Response to a stimulus or demand made upon a individual. |
| Stressor | Any factor that produces stress & disturbs the body's equilibrium. |
| Coping | Immediate response to a threatening situation. |
| Adaptation | Change in an individual as a final result to stress. |
| Coping Mechanism | Inborn or learned ways of responding to a changing environment, specific problem or unexpected situation. |
| Defense Mechanism | Mental responses that protect an individual from anxiety. |
| Denial | Blocking painful thoughts. |
| Rationalization | Mind gives "good" reasons for behavior, instead of true reasons. |
| Compensation | Substituting one activity for another. |
| Regression | Going backwards to behavior that was comforting in earlier life. |
| Projection | Attributing characteristics & behaviors to other people instead of ourselves. |
| Displacement | Transferring feelings about one person to another. |
| Conversion Reaction | Becoming physically ill from mental conflict. |
| Hierarchy of Needs | Written by Maslow. Belief that more basic human needs must be met before higher level needs can be considered. |
| Physiological Needs | Maslow's most basic needs include: 1. air 2. food 3. water & 4. rest. |
| Safety & Security Needs | Second level in Maslow. Includes: 1. shelter 2. clothing 3. protection from harm & 4. stability. |
| Love & Belonging Needs | Middle level in Maslow. Includes: 1. feeling of belonging 2. acceptance & 3. love from others. |
| Self-Esteem Needs | Second to top in Maslow. Belief in one's own worth & value. Feeling respected. |
Created by:
dcolestock16
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