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Health Psych Exam 2

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QuestionAnswer
What is stress? State or moment in which perceived situational demands exceed one's coping ability.
Give at least two examples of stress: Upcoming test, traffic jam, too many classes, relationship problems.
How do we feel stress? Anxiety, panic, irritability, anger, worry.
Emotional responses to stress? Fear, sadness, helplessness, depression.
Why do we get stressed? A signal that our goals are in jeopardy, or that we are not achieving our goals, sends off an "alarm" that tells us to react or pay attention.
Stress is an alarm that does what? Tells us to pay attention or do something.
What are the two major views about stress? Stress is a response or stress is an event.
Who developed the Fight or Flight response and when? Walter Cannon in 1932.
What does the FoF response to stress propose? Proposes that stress stimulates a physiological response, ie fight or flight.
How would we think of the FoF responses in more modern situations? Mental rather than physical responses.
Who developed the General Adaptation Syndrome model, and when? Hans Selye, 1950s.
What animal did Selye research stress levels with? Rats.
In the GAS model, a stressor leads directly to what? An alarm process.
In the GAS model, the alarm process leads to what? Resistance against the stressor.
In the GAS model, resistance leads to what? Exhaustion.
What is the main problem with Selye's view of stress? It assumes that all physiological responses to stress are uniform, failing to account for psychological factors.
What are some daily hassles? Traffic, money concerns, chores.
Why are daily hassles important? The cumulative impact of these smaller events creates stress.
Who came up with psychological appraisal theories and when? Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman in 1984
What dimensions seem to be associated with high stress appraisal? Uncontrollable, ambiguous, high in role conflict.
Is stress always a health concern? No, sometimes stress can be adaptive.
A few ways that stress is a health concern? Ulcers, heart disease, cancer, asthma, migraines, colds/flus, memory loss.
Name the two pathways that stress affects health. Indirect and direct.
Name four indirect pathways that stress affects health. Poor eating habits, poor health behavior, substance abuse, negative reactions.
A direct way that stress affects health? Stress -> heart -> disease.
Which two systems does stress affect in the body? SAM and HPA axis.
When activated, the SAM system releases which chemicals? Catecholamines, like adrenaline
What other changes are caused by the SAM activation? Cardiovascular; increased heart rate, blood pressure. Also, increased sweating.
Activation of the HPA axis leads to what? Release of corticosteroids (like cortisol) in the brain.
Can activation of the HPA axis and SAM be adaptive? Yes.
Too much activation of the SAM system is bad for what? Cardiovascular and immune systems.
Too much activation of the HPA axis is bad for what? Immune system, memory, depression.
What does CVR stand for? Cardiovascular Reactivity.
Created by: Rarespice
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