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what is A&P?
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy | the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationship to one another; location |
| physiology | the study of how the body and its parts work or function |
| 8 characteristics of life | movement, responsiveness, growth, maintaining boundaries, reproduction, excretion, digestion, metabolism |
| vital signs | pulse - 50-80bpm at rest, body temp - 98.6, brainwave activity - EEG, breathing, reflexes - response to pain, muscular movements |
| needs of organisms | water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure |
| survivability | 4-7 w/o fresh water, 7-14 days w/o food (1 month), no longer than 3-10 min w/o oxygen, death @ above 106*F and below 0 temps after a few hours, 3-10 minutes w/o air pressure |
| homeostasis | water and oxygen, blood sugar level, body temperature, hydrostatic pressure (BP) |
| negative bio-feedback | causes stimulus to shut off |
| positive bio-feedback | increase the disturbance CHILD BIRTH |
| levels of organization | atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms |
| body cavities | axial - head, neck, torso appendicular - arms and legs |
| dorsal | "back" |
| ventral | "front" |
| 11 organ systems | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive |
| sagittal plane | lengthwise cut |
| transverse plane | horizontal cut |
| frontal plane | cut to where there is a front and back side |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| anterior | front |
| posterior | back |
| medial | midline |
| lateral | side |
| proximal | closer to point of attachment |
| distal | farther from point of attachment |
| superficial | surface |
| deep | internal |
| abdominal | anterior body trunk inferior to ribs |
| acromial | point of shoulder |
| antecubital | anterior surface of elbow |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| buccal | cheek area |
| carpal | wrist |
| cervical | neck region |
| coxal | hip |
| crural | leg |
| digital | fingers, toes |
| femoral | thigh |
| fibular | lateral part of leg |
| ingunal | area where thing meets body trunk; groin |
| nasal | nose area |
| patellar | anterior knee |
| pelvic | area overlying the pelvis anteriorly |
| pubic | genital region |
| sternal | breastbone area |
| tarsal | ankle region |
| thoracic | chest |
| umbilical | navel |
| cephalic | head |
| deltoid | curve of shoulder formed by the large deltoid muscle |
| gluteal | buttock |
| lumbar | area of back between ribs and hips |
| occipital | posterior surface to head |
| popliteal | posterior surface head |
| sacral | areas between hips |
| scapular | shoulder blade region |
| sural | the posterior surface of lower leg; the calf vertebral - area of spine |