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Ecosystem
5th Science Ch 4 Ecosystems Biomes & Communities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecosystem | all the living and nonliving things that interact with one another |
| population | all the members of the same type of oraganism living in an ecosystem |
| ecology | the study of how living things and their environment interact |
| abiotic | non-living |
| biotic | living |
| community | a group of living things of different species found in an ecosystem |
| habitat | the natural environment where an organism lives |
| niche | role of an organism in its habitat |
| carnivore | meat eater |
| producers | organism that makes its own food from raw materials and energy |
| omnivores | plant and meat eaters |
| decomposers | breaks down dead plants and animals into useful things like minerals that enrich the soil |
| scavengers | animals that eat the remains of dead animals |
| predators | animal that hunts and eats other animals |
| herbivore | plant eaters |
| consumers | organism that gets energy by eating food, not producing it |
| food web | description of all the food chains in an ecosystem |
| food chain | description of how energy in an ecosystem flows from one organism to another |
| evaporation | process of a liquid becoming a vapor |
| condensation | change of state from a gas to a liquid as energy is removed |
| precipitation | Any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the earth's surface. |
| transpiration | evaporation through the leaves of a plant |
| water vapor | Water in its invisible gas form |
| Sun | primary source of energy for all living things |
| decomposer | what food chain always ends with |
| rich healthy moist soil and sunlight | what plants need to make food |
| weather | affects habitat |
| erosion | affects habitat |
| symbiosis | close, longstanding relationship between species |
| decomposer | fungi, bacteria |
| precipitation | rain, snow, sleet |
| primary consumers in an energy pyramid | insects, rabbits, mice, small fish |
| second level consumers in an energy pyramid | frogs, larger fish |
| third level consumers in an energy pyramid | eagles, lions, snakes |
| food web | shows overlapping food chains in an ecosystem |
| heat | what is lost at each step of the food chain |
| energy | __________ is transferred from one organism to another in the food web. |
| biome | a large group of ecosystems that have similar characteristics |
| climate | refers to the type of weather that occurs in an area over a long period of time |
| tropical rain forest | very rainy and hot |
| high moisture and warmth | why more kinds of plants and animals live in tropical rain forest than any other biome |
| temperate forest | experiences four distinct seasons; |
| grassland | has distinct dry season; trees are few and far between |
| grassland | prairies and savannas |
| desert | driest biome; contain little life |
| taiga | long, severe winters and short, cool summers; fairly dry |
| tundra | earth's coldest biome; has frozen ground; near the arctic circle |
| temperate forest | what type of biome is Alabama |
| marine biome | near or on the ocean shore |
| freshwater ecosystem | streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and wetlands |
| marine biomes | salty |
| herbivore | eats only producers |
| population | zebras are an example of a(n) ____ of living things in an ecosystem |
| food chain | the flow of energy from producer to first level consumer to second level consumer can be shown using a simple _______ |
| climate | temperature and precipitation determine the _____ of an area |
| permafrost | frozen ground found in tundra |
| temperate rain forests | trees that lose their leaves in cool fall weather are common in ___________ |
| energy | about 10 percent of the ________ available at one level of an energy pyramid passes to the next level |
| Symbiosis | is a situation in which 2 different organisms live together in close association |
| Mutualism | is when both organisms benefit from the relationship. In this picture, ants are living in an young acacia plant. |
| Parasitism | is when one organism benefits and one is hurt by the relationship. |
| Commensalism | is a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected. Orchids can illustrate this. |
Created by:
fhershey
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