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The Universe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute Magnitude | a measure of how bright a star would be if it were seen from a standard distance |
| Apparent Magnitude | the brightness of a star as seen from Earth |
| Big Bang Theory | the theory that all matter and energy in the universe was compressed into a extremely small volume that 13 billion to 15 billion years ago exploded and began expanding in all directions |
| Cosmic Microwave Background | the electromagnetic radiation leftover from the formation of the universe |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | all of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation |
| Galaxy | a collection of stars, dust and gas bound together by gravity |
| H-R Diagram | Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a graph that shows the relationship between a star's surface temperature and absolute magnitude |
| Light-year | the distance light travels in one year; about 9.46 trillion kilometers |
| Luminosity | the actual brightness of an object such as a star |
| Main Sequence | the location on the H-R diagram where most stars lie; it has a diagonal pattern from the lower right (low temperature and luminosity) to the upper left (high temperature and luminosity) |
| Nebula | a large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; a region in space where stars are born |
| Neutron Star | a star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons |
| Planet | a relatively large spherical body that orbits a star |
| Redshift | a shift toward the red end of the spectrum; occurs in the spectrum of an object when the object is moving away from the observer |
| Solar System | the sun and all of the planets and other bodies that travel around it |
| Star | a large celestial body that is composed of gas and that emits light; the sun is a typical star |
| Supernova | a gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space |
| Universe | space and all the matter and energy in it |
| Wavelength | the distance from any point on a wave to the corresponding point on the next wave |
| White Dwarf | a small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old sun-like star |
Created by:
Mrs_Gore
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