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Genetic Engineering

Baterial Transformation

QuestionAnswer
Central to genetic engineering is the ability to extract and work with cells genetic information or DNA
DNA is comprised of two long..., each of these strings is made up of alternating units of... molecular strings coiled around each other in a double helix; phosphate and deoxyribose sugar
Projecting for each sugar in the DNA is one of four ... nitrogen rich bases.
The Four nitrogen rich bases that make up DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine. GCAT, G pairs with C and A with T.
Bacterial transformation is based on work by Fredrick Grifith.
Giffith studied two strains of steptocococcus pneumoniae, with one being lethal and other non-virulent. The wild-type grew a smooth polysaccharide coat so it was called ...., The mutant non-lethal strain did not produce this coat- it grew in rough coloni S- bacteria, R-bacteria
Grifith found when he injected heat killed S bacteria and live R bacteria all of his mice died because bacterial transformation and it wasn't until 1944 when AOswald Avery MacLeod and MCCarty found DNA was chemical structure of gense, and that genes allowed bacteria to transform
Transformation is the transfer of small portion of DNA from one organism to another, also known as gene transfer.
Bacterial transformation occurs by taking ------ and transferring them to another one. plasmids
In order to insert a particular gene into a plasmid, scientist use restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific points, allowing the cut ends to anneal (attach to the other ends of DNA fragment that contain the gene. Scientist then introduce the recombinant plasmid to bacterial cells via the process of transformation.
Bacteria that successfully transform pick up the palsmids, express the gene of interest.
Created by: kccroy
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