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USMLE

New FA Biochem 3

QuestionAnswer
Names of the steps in protein synthesis 1. Initiation 2. Elongation 3. Termination
Sequence of events in the initiation step of protein synthesis. 1. Initiation factors assemble the 40S ribosomal subunit with the initiator tRNA 2. mRNA and (60S?) ribosomal subunit combine with the 40S subunit. 3. Initiation factors are released.
Sequence of events in the elongation step of protein synthesis. 1. Aminoacyl tRNA binds to the A site 2. Peptidyltransferase catalyzes peptide bond formation 3. Peptidyltransferase transfers growing polypeptide to aa in A site 4. Ribosome advances 3 nucleotides toward 3' end of RNA moving peptidyl RNA to P site
Sequence of events in the termination step of protein synthesis. 1. Completed protein is released from ribosome. 2. Ribosome dissociates.
Role of ATP in protein synthesis ATP does tRNA Activation (charging)
Role of GTP in protein synthesis GTP does tRNA Going places (aka translocation) and Gripping
Role of A site in protein synthesis A site holds incoming Aminoacyl tRNA.
Role of P site in protein synthesis P site accomodates growing Peptide.
Role of E site in protein synthesis E site holds Empty tRNA as it Exits
Which post-translational modification involves removal of N or C terminal pro-peptides from zymogens to generate mature proteins? Trimming
What happens in post-translational trimming? removal of N or C terminal pro-peptides from zymogens to generate mature proteins
Which post-translational modification involves phosphorylation? post-translational covalent alteration
What happens during post-translational covalent alterations? Either: 1. Phosphorylation 2. Glycosylation 3. Hydroxylation
Which post-translational modification involves glycosylation? post-translational covalent alteration
Which post-translational modification involves hydroxylation? post-translational covalent alteration
What happens during proteasomal degradation? Attachment of ubiquitin to defective proteins to tag them for breakdown.
Ubiquitin or Ubiquinone: Proteosomal degradation Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin or Ubiquinone: Coenzyme Q in oxidative phosphorylation Ubiquinone
Where in the cell does the following occur: Fatty acid oxidation (beta-oxidation) Mitochondria
Where in the cell does the following occur: acetyl-CoA production Mitochondria
Where in the cell does the following occur: Krebs cycle Mitochondria
Where in the cell does the following occur: Glycolysis Cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Fatty acid synthesis Cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Hexose Monophosphate Shunt Cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Protein Synthesis Rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Steroid synthesis Smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Gluconeogenesis Pathway has steps in the mitochondria and in the cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Urea cycle Pathway has steps in the mitochondria and in the cytoplasm
Where in the cell does the following occur: Heme synthesis Pathway has steps in the mitochondria and in the cytoplasm
Created by: Asclepius
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