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OAT - Chem

Chapter 14 - Carbohydrates

TermDefinition
carbohydrates aldehydes or ketones with many hydroxyl groups
monosaccharides glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose
glyceraldehyde CHO-COH-CH2OH
if lowest -OH is on the right D molecule
if lowest -OH is on the left L molecule
fructose has ketone
glucose alternates but mostly OH on rght
galactose 2 in the middle are the same
mannose first two are the same
alpha C1 is in axial position which is less favored bcuz sterically hindered
beta C1 is equitorial position (up); lower E so favored
glycosidic rxns hemiacetal (monosaccharide in chair formation) + alcohol = acetal (alpha and beta)
Disaccharides two monosaccharides; maltose, sucrose, lactose
maltose glucose and glucose
sucrose fructose and glucose
lactose glucose and galactose
Polysaccharides long chains of mono; starch, glycogen, cellulose
cellulose 1,4 beta linkage; cant be digested by animals
starch and glycogen E in plants and animals respectively; 1,4 and 1,6 alpha linkages
Created by: JaeBae4444
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