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OAT Orgo

Chapter 8 - Aldehydes and Ketones

TermDefinition
aldehyde COH; carbaldehyde, formyl
Ketone COC; one or oxo
oxidation to form aldehyde primary alcohol with Jones reagent or anything Cr/PCC
oxidation to form ketone secondary alcohol with chromium agents or PCC
Friedel-Crafts Acylation R-CO-Ar
tautomers differ only in the placement of a proton; keto vs enols
enols ene +ol; double bond + alcohols
enolization interconverting keto and enol tautomers
Adding water to aldehyde or ketone creates a gem diol
adding alcohol to aldehyde or ketone creates acetals and ketals
Cyanohydrin when HCN is added to aldehyde or ketone
Ammonia added to aldehyde or ketone creates a N double bonded to a C and water comes off
aldol aldehyde + alcohol; when heated, forms alkene and water
Witting Rxn rxn that leads to CC double bond by converting aldehydes and ketones into alkenes; ylide
Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols use LAH or NaBH4
Wolff-Kishner Reduction reducing aldehydes and ketones to alkanes; first H2NNH2 is added and then its heated to form alkane
Clemmensen Reduction when aldehyde or ketone is heated with Zinc and HCl to form alkane
Created by: JaeBae4444
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