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Ch 11 Pop Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the outermost layer of the small intestine? | Serosa |
| Which intestinal cells secrete hormones? | Epithelial cells |
| Name the three mesenteries | The greater and lesser omentums and the mesentery proper. |
| Dietary carbohydrates are broken into what compounds for absorption? | Monosaccharides |
| How does fat absorption differ from protein and carbohydrate absorption? | Fats are absorbed into lacteals of the lymphatic system, not into blood. |
| Where in the intestinal epithelium are digestive enzymes located? | The brush border. |
| How are intestinal bacteria useful? | They produce certain vitamins, and the sheer number of them makes it difficult for ingested pathogens to compete successfully for nutrients. |
| Define dysentery | Low-volume, bloody diarrhea |
| Define steatorrhea | Fatty stools |
| Melena usually implies bleeding from where? | Upper GI tract |
| Define ileus. | Peristaltic paralysis |
| Define volvulus | A segment of bowel twisted on its pedicle |
| True or false? Most tooth loss is caused by caries | False: Periodontitis causes most tooth loss. |
| What is the clinical term for oral Candidiasis? | Thrush |
| What is the most common site for oral squamous carcinoma? | Lower lip |
| Define Sjögren’s syndrome | A combination of salivary and lacrimal gland inflammation that damages the glands. |
| True or False? Pleomorphic adenoma is almost always malignant. | False |
| Define achalasia. | Spasm of the lower esophageal sphincter |
| What is the cause of almost all esophageal varices? | Cirrhosis of the liver |
| True or false? The majority of people with GERD develop adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. | False: Although GERD greatly increases one's risk of getting esophageal cancer, most people with GERD do not progress to esophageal cancer (or even Barrett’s metaplasia). |
| What term is used to describe change from one kind of epithelium to another (i.e., squamous to columnar)? | Metaplasia |
| True or false? H. pylori is the cause of most acute nonerosive gastritis | False: H. pylori may play a role but other factors are more important: use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, binge drinking, uremia, steroid use, chemotherapy or age-related loss of the normal layer of mucus that protects the mucosa. |
| True or false? H. pylori infection is the cause of most chronic atrophic gastritis. | True |
| True or false? H. pylori infection is the cause of most peptic ulcers. | True |
| True or false? H. pylori infection is a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. | True |
| In Hirschprung’s megacolon, which segment of bowel is dilated: the normal, innervated segment or the aganglionic segment? | The normal segment |
| True or false? An omphalocele is a midline defect where intestines and/or other organs are extruded through the abdominal wall and into a small sac. | . True |
| True or false? Angiodysplasia accounts for less than 5% of cases of lower GI bleeding. | False: It accounts for 20%. |
| True or false? Most acute gastroenteritis is caused by viruses and resolves without treatment. | True |
| What is the cause of most traveler’s diarrhea? | Enterotoxigenic E. coli |
| What is the usual cause of pseudomembranous (C. difficile) colitis? | Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy |
| What is the cause of most luminal phase malabsorption? | Pancreatic disease |
| True or false? Most newborns are lactase deficient | False |
| True or false? Celiac sprue is probably an infectious disease | False: Tropical sprue is probably infections. Celiac sprue is due to gluten sensitivity. |
| What distinguishes irritable bowel syndrome from other intestinal conditions? | Lack of objective abnormalities |
| What is the probable etiology of inflammatory bowel disease? | An immune-mediated reaction of bowel epithelium to intestinal bacteria |
| Which is more often associated with risk for colon cancer: ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease? | Ulcerative colitis |
| List several extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease | Transitory arthritis, oral and skin lesions, ankylosing spondylitis, uveitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| True or false? All colonic polyps are neoplastic | False |
| Which is more likely to proceed to malignancy: tubular adenoma or villous adenoma? | Villous adenoma |
| True or false? All adenomatous polyps are premalignant. | True |
| True or false? Hyperplastic polyps are not premalignant | True |
| What lesion precedes most colon cancers? | Adenomatous polyp |
| True or false? Colon cancer is the number one cancer killer in the United States. | False: It is number two. Lung cancer kills three times as many. |
| True or false? A single fecal occult blood test will detect most colon cancers. | False: Repeated annual tests are required. |
| What percentage of adenomatous polyps and colon cancers occur in the rectosigmoid colon? | About 50% |
| About how long does it take for an adenomatous polyp to evolve into colonic carcinoma? | 10–15 years |
| What type of cells give rise to GIST tumors? | Mesenchymal precursor cells |
| What is the triad of symptoms seen patients with carcinoid syndrome? | Skin flushing, abdominal pain, and diarrhea |
| True or false? Most colonic diverticula occur in the transverse colon. | False: They occur in the rectosigmoid colon. |
| Are colonic diverticula more likely to be single or multiple? | Multiple |
| What are the three features of peritonitis? | Abdominal pain, tenderness, and spasm of abdominal muscles to form a rigid abdominal wall |
| True or false? Most appendicitis begins with obstruction of the lumen | True |
Created by:
adrianaww
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