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Adult Heath Nursing
Ch 8 Heart Random info MEL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sinus tachycardia | Rapid, regular rhythm originating in the SA node, characterized by a heartbeat of 100 to 150 bpm or more |
| Sinus bradycardia | Slow rhythm originating in the SA node, characterized by pulse rate of less than 60 BPM |
| Supraventricular tachycardia(SVT) | Sudden onset of rapid heartbeat, originates in the atria, characterized by a pulse rate of 150 to 250 BPM |
| Atrial fibrillation | Electrical activity in the atria is disorganized, causing the atria fibrillate, or quiver, rather than contract as a unit |
| Atrioventricular block | Defect in the AV junction slows or inpairs conduction of impulses from the SA node to the ventricles. There are 3 types 1st 2nd 3rd |
| Premature ventricular contractions(PVC) | Abnormal heartbeats that arise from the right or left ventricle |
| Ventricular tachycardia(VT) | Occurs when 3 or more successful PVCs occur, ventricular rate is greater than 100 BPM, 140 to 240 BPM |
| Ventricular fibrillation | Occurs when the ventricular musculature of the heart is quivering, characterized by rapid and disorganized ventricle pulsation |
| Nonmodifiable factors | Family history, age, gender, cultural ethnic considerations |
| Modifiable factors | Smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress, psychosocial factors |
| Cardiac arrest | Sudden cessation of cardiac output and circulatory process, |
| Coronary artery disease(CAD) | Term used to describe a variety of conditions that obstruct blood flow in the coronary arteries |
| Atherosclerosis | Arterial disorder characterized by yellowish plaque cholesterol, lipids, and cellular debris in the inner layers of the walls of large and medium-sized arteries |
| Lumen | A cavity or channel within any organ of the body |
| Angina pectoris | Paroxysmal(severe, usually episodic,increase in symptoms) thoracic pain and choking feeling caused by decreased oxygen or anoxia(lack of oxygen) of the myocardium |
| Coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) | Surgical management of patient with ASHD or CAD, taken from sections of the saphenous veins in the legs or in the internal mammary(breast) artery is used |
| Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA) | Patient with CAD, invasive procedure performed in the cardiac catheterization lab, widens the narrowing in the coronary artery without open-heart surgery |
| Stent placement | To treat abrupt or threatened vessel closure after PTCA, expandable, much like structures |
| Myocardial infarction(MI/heart attack) | Occlusion of a major coronary artery or one of its branches with subsequent necrosis of myocardium caused by atherosclerosis or an embolus, the ability of the cardiac muscle to contract and pump blood is impaired |
| Myocardial infarction | Body's response to cell death is the inflammatory process, within 24 hours, leukocytes infiltrate the area, enzymes are released from the dead cardiac cells, |
| Myocardial infarction | phagocytes(neutrophils and monocytes) clear the necrotic debris from injured area, scar tissue has replaced necrotic tissue by week 6 |
Created by:
diamondgirljaz
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