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#1
Elsakka/Chapter 2/Earthquakes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquake | shaking that results from the movement of rock |
| stress | a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume |
| shearing | a type of stress that pushes rock in opposite directions (past each other, NOT apart) |
| tension | a type of stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle |
| compression | stress that pushes rock toward each other |
| deformation | a change in the shape or volume of Earth's crust |
| fault | a break in Earth's crust (a break in rock) |
| strike-slip fault | a type of fault caused by shearing at a transform plate boundary |
| normal fault | a type of fault caused by tension at a divergent plate boundary |
| reverse fault | a type of fault caused by compression at a convergent plate boundary |
| focus | the point where rock breaks due to stress; this point is beneath Earth's surface |
| fault | a break in Earth's crust (a break in rock) |
| strike-slip fault | a type of fault caused by shearing at a transform plate boundary |
| normal fault | a type of fault caused by tension at a divergent plate boundary |
| reverse fault | a type of fault caused by compression at a convergent plate boundary |
| focus | the point where rock breaks due to stress; this point is beneath Earth's surface |
| epicenter | the point directly above the earthquake's focus; this point is above Earth's surface |
| seismic waves | a vibration/wave caused by an earthquake; carries the energy released during the earthquake |
| P waves | known as primary waves; the first to arrive; can travel through both solids and liquids |
| S waves | known as secondary waves; the second to arrive; CANNOT travel through liquids |
| surface waves | P and S waves that have reached the surface; they move the slowest, produce the most damage |
| seismograph | a device that records the ground movements caused by seismic waves |
| Richter scale | a scale that rates the strength of seismic waves |
| tsunami | a large wave that is produced by an earthquake on the ocean floor, the wave becomes larger as it nears the shore |
| Which two plates are involved in the San Andreas fault? | the Pacific plate and the North American plate |
| How are the plates involved in the San Andreas fault moving? | The Pacific plate is moving NORTHWEST relative to the North American plate. |
Created by:
nagla929
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