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Exam 2
Diversity of life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do the 5 kingdoms of classification include? | Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, And Anamalia |
| What is the highest level in the hierarchal system? | Domain |
| Why is RNA thought to be important for the evolution of life on earth? | -It's important for the translation of the genetic code to produce proteins in all living cells -It has the capacity to transmit genetic information from one generation to the next -It has the capacity to catalyze chemical reactions |
| What did the "primordial soup" contain? | Amino acids |
| What did the atmosphere contain before life on Earth? | Ammonia, methane, hydrogen, and water |
| Where did the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells originate from? | Endosymbiosis with prokaryotic cells |
| Why was mulitcellularity an important step in evolution of life? | It allowed organisms to attain larger size, move around better, become better predators, ad invade new habitats |
| WHat does the burgess fossil fauna contain? | Representatives of all major phyla that exist today |
| What are characteristics of viruses? | They require a host for reproduction and consist of only RNA, DNA, and a protein coat |
| What do prions consist of? | Protein |
| What are characteristics of prokaryotes? | They have a single strand of circular DNA and do not have organelles |
| What are characteristics of archaea? | They are closely related to Eukaryotes, they live in more "extreme" environments than bacteria, they are completely separate from bacteria, and they are prokaryotes |
| When all members of a taxonomic group share a single common ancestors what is the group called? | Monophyletic |
| Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria. What is true of these organelles? | They contain DNA that is similar to modern bacteria and they probably originated as symbiotic bacteria living inside of the first Eukaryotic cells |
| What is most biodiversity on earth represented by? | Prokaryotes |
| What can we say about the origin of birds? | They share a common ancestor with all of the reptiles, they were derived from theropod dinosaurs, and they have feathers that are similar to the feathers of some dinosaurs |
| Two species possess traits that are independently derived and have undergone convergent evolution to serve a similar purpose such as wins in insects and birds. What kind of traits are these? | Analogous |
| 2 species possess traits that are derive from a single trait in a common ancestor an shave undergone selection to become specialized in different functions (like forelimbs). What kind of traits are these? | Homologous |
| An individual expresses a trait that is unusual for the species, but represents a condition present in an ancestor such as the rare appearance of tails in humans. WHat kind of trait is this? | Atavistic |
| What does LUCA refer to? | The last universal common ancestor of all life on earth |
| A specie expresses a trait that represents a reduced and non-functional condition of a trait present in an ancestor such as a hip bone in whales and dolphins. What kind of trait is this? | Vestigial |
| Is it likely that viruses evolved before bacteria? | No, because they require bacteria to reproduce. |
| What are characteristics of major extinctions? | -They occur when more than 50% of the species are lost -Have occurred at least five times over the history of the Earth -They result in adaptive radiations for groups that survive the extinct events |
| Many species such as the Coelacanth fish, horsetails, Cycads, and horseshoe crabs appear to have not changed their morphology over millions of years. What is this an example of? | Stasis |
Created by:
bellalaughlin
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