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Cell Transport
Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phospholipid bilayer | a term used to describe the structure of the cell membrane |
| Passive Transport | movement of small and uncharged molecules (ions)molecule in and out of a cell without the use of ATP energy....molecules move form an area of high to low concentration |
| Active Transport | movement of large molecules (like protein, salt, and starch) into and out of a cell |
| Diffusion | type of passive transport (movement of gases) into and out of the cell |
| Osmosis | type of passive transport (movement of water) into and out of the cell |
| Facilitated Diffusion | type of passive transport (movement of glucose) into and out of the cell...requires a transfer protein |
| Endocytosis | a type of active transport in which a cell engulfs particles from its environment and stores them inside a vesicle |
| Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis used by a white blood cell to destroy bacteria |
| Exocytosis | a type of active transport in which a vesicle attached to the cell membrane release particles into its environment |
| Pinocytosis | a type of endocytosis a cell uses to engulf liquid from its environment |
| Phospholipid | a type of lipid that forms the cell membrane...it is made up of a glycerol attached to two fatty acids |
| Hydrophobic region | ("water fearing")...a term used to describe the inner portion of the cell membrane made up of fatty acid tails that repel water |
| Hydrophilic region | ("water loving")...a term used to describe the outer portion of the cell membrane made up of glycerol molecules |
| Glycerol | the hydrophilic head of a phospholipid |
| Fatty acids | the hydrophobic tails of a phospholipid |
| Receptor protein | a specialized protein located on the surface of a cell membrane that receives signals from the cell's environment |
| Semi-permeable | a term used to describe the cell membrane's ability to allow only small molecules to freely pass through the membrane without the use of energy |
| Cholesterol | a type of lipid that provides flexibility to the cell membrane |
| Concentration gradient | the state of having unequal amounts of a specific molecule inside compare to outside the cell |
| Equilibrium | the state of having equal amounts of a specific molecule inside compared to outside the cell....this state is only reached during passive transport |
| Isotonic solution | a cell placed in this solution will remain the same size due to osmosis |
| Hypertonic solution | a cell will lose water by osmosis when placed in this type of solution, causing the cell membrane to shrivel |
| Hypotonic solution | a cell will gain water by osmosis when placed in this type of solution, causing the cell membrane to expand |
Created by:
gmottola