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Thyroid
Stack #160309
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What hormones are produced in the anterior portion of the pituitary gland | TSH,ACTH,growth hormone(GH), LH, FSH, and prolactin, etc. |
| What hormones are produced in the posterior pituitary | ADH and oxytocin |
| What are the thyroid hormones? | Thyroxine(T$),tricodothyronine(T3), and cacitonin |
| Why are thyroid hormones measured in conjunction with TSH? | TSH levels will determine if the problem exists in the thyroid gland or if it is a pituitary problem |
| What are the functions of the thyroid | increases metabolic rate, growth and development, increases cardiovascular functioning, increases GI activity, mobilization of calcium,increases heat production, increases muscle tone, increases RBC production, and increases GFR |
| What is hyperthyroidism | overactivity of thyroid marked by hypersecretion of hormone resulting in increased metabolism |
| What are some causes of hyperthyroidism | Graves disease (or other autoimmune disorder),inflammation of gland(via infection), hormone administration(to treat other disorder ex. hypothyroidism), or cancer |
| What CNS symptoms might a patient display with hyperthyroidism? | increased anxiety,restlessness,nervousness, or tremors |
| What cardiovascular symptoms might a patient with hyperthyroidism display | increased HR, palpatations, increased systolic pressure |
| What are the GI symptoms of hyperthyroidism | increased appetite with weight loss,nausea, vomiting,diarrhea |
| What are the integumentary symptoms of hyperthyroidism | poor tolerance to heat,flush, warm , soft moist skin |
| What other signs might be present to indicate hyperthyroidism | enlarged thyroid, goiter,exopthalmus,ammenorrhea,tachypnea/dyspnea, or photophobia |
| What medications are used to manage hyperthyroidism | Methlymazole(Tapazole) or Propylthioracil(propacil) to inhibit synthesis of thyroid hormone |
| How long before medications to treat hyperthyroidism become effective | about 8 weeks |
| When might thyroid surgery become an option to a patient | Graves disease, young, cancer, thyroid enlarged(causing trach compression), or unresponsive to meds |
| When is Lugol administered? | It is given prior to thyroid surgery to decrease size and vascularity of gland |
| What are some major complications of thyroid surgery | bleeding(site is very vascular),pharyngeal nerve damage( weak voice or hoarseness), or parathyroid nicking(decreased calcium) |
| What signs and symptoms might manifest is a patient is experiencing a thyroid storm/crisis | severe tachycardia(up to 160 bpm),hyperthermia(102-106F),diaphoresis,psychosis(hallucinations,agitation) |
| What is hypothyroidism | underactivity of thyroid gland resulting in hyposecretion of hormone causing a decreased body metabolism |
| What is secondary hypothroidism | the problem is the failure of the pituitary glad to stimulate thyroid to produce hormone |
| What is Hashimotos Thyroiditis | an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks and destroys thyroid, accounts for 1/4 of all cases and has a genetic predisposition |
| What are the neurological signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism | extreme fatigue, slow speech, lethargy |
| What cardiovascular symptoms might you see in hypothyroidism | bradycardia and mild diastolic hypertension |
| What GI symptoms might manifest in hypothyroidism | anorexia, weight gain, constipation,and abdominal distension |
| What integumentary symptoms might be seen in hyperthyroidism | dry skin, brittle nails,low temp, and hair loss |
| What other signs might indicate hypothyroidism | cold sensation, menstrual disturbances, painful joints |
| What are common medications to treat hypothyroidism | synthroid or levothyroxine (citomel is mostly used illegaly) |
| What is goiter | it is a hyperatropy of the thyroid gland that occurs because of an increase in TSH in hypo this is b/c there is insufficient iodine, in hyper it is due to abnormal stimulation like Graves disease |
| How can goiter be avoided | high iodine intake, high fiber diet, avoid certain veggies(soy beans, rutabegas, and turnips) and avoid certain medications like lithium |
Created by:
kitsmommy
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