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MCAT Biology

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TermDefinition
First Law of Thermodynamics Law of conservation of Energy, energy of the universe is constant, it just transforms
Second Law of Thermodynamics Disorder of the universe has a tendency to increase, Entropy tends to increase, products and reactions will always enter the lowest energy state, meaning most energy has exited the system, to the universe.
Denotion of variable "S" S is entropy and describes the disorder of the universe
Free Energy Energy available to a system and is denoted by the variable G. EQ. (delta)G = (delta)H - T(delta)S
Enthalpy Thermodynamic potential and is denoted as variable "H" defined as (delta)H = (delta)E - P(delta)V
-(delta)G negative G denotes a system that is spontaneous in its reactions and releases energy into the universe, exergonic
+(delta)G positive G denotes a system that is nonspontaneous in its reactions and requires energy input in order to proceed, endergonic
-(delta)H negative H denotes an exothermic reaction in which heat is liberated from the system
+(delta)H positive H denotes an endothermic reaction where an input of heat is required
To which energy state will a system tend to move towards? Always a state of lower energy, Keep in mind the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics, universe entropy tends to increase due to the input of released energy from various systems, system will always go towards lowest energy state
Created by: rcwill5152
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