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Neuro
MedSurgII
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Meningitis | inflammation of the meninges by various organisms that dictates the severity of the disorder. School age or young adults & ppl with immuno-compromised diseases. |
| Encephalitis | swelling of the brain; viral; inflammatory process affecting the CNS; characterized by swelling of the brain and pathologic changes in the white and gray matter and surrounding meninges |
| Gullian-Barre syndrome | acute post-infectious polyneuropathy - affects the nerves & spinal nerve roots. Autoimmune reaction that follows a primary cause typically infection. Antibodies attack the Schwann cells that protect the myelin sheath. Follow viral infection esp pulmonary |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Chronic, progressive dx of the peripheal nerves. Onset 20-40yrs old & affects men and woman equally; unknown cause but autoimmune with suspected genetic trigger. Characterized by demyelinating dx b/c causes permanent degeneration & destruction of myelin. |
| Myasthenia gravis | severe weakness of 1 or more skeletal muscles. more common in women in younger adulthood. cause unknown. antibodies produced by thymus gland degrade acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscles causing extreme weakness. Strength restored with rest |
| Amyotrophic lateral scelerosis (ALS)aka Lou Gehrig's Dx | progressive & fatal neurologic disorder; more common in men than woman. unknown cause - characterized by degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem, which results in muscle weakness and wasting |
| extrapyramidal disorders | have their origin in the motor cortex and surrounding areas of the cerebellum and basal ganglia |
| parkinson's disease | results from deficiency of he neurotransmitter dopamine and usually begins after 50yrs old. Absense of dopamine, another part of brain which responds to acetylcholine becomes overactive. The imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine causes disease |
| Huntington's disease | hereditary dx of cns; on basal ganglia and portions of the cerebral cortex degenerate. progression - hallucinations, delusions, impaired judgment and increased intensity of abnormal movements develop |
| Head & spinal cord trauma | an injury of the head can cause concussions, contusions, hematomas or skull fracturea |
Created by:
breinard
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