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Anatomy/Physiology 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Importance of Studying A/P | |
| Basic study skills | |
| define anatomy and physiology | |
| Explain the significance of Terminologia anatomica | |
| Relationship between Anatomy and Physiology | |
| Various specialties in Anatomy and Physiology | |
| Identify Major levels of organization from simplest to most complex - page 8-9 | |
| Identify major components of each organ system | |
| Homeostasis | |
| Negative feedback and positive feedback- homeostasis | |
| Significance of homeostasis | |
| Use anatomical terms to describe body sections, body regions and relative positions | |
| Identify the major Body cavities, their subdvisions, and functions of each | |
| The visible Human project- page 6 | It talks about study of human body, one slice at a time, using the body of condemned criminal Joseph Paul Jernigan in Texas as basis for a "virtual male". His images are scattered throughout our textbook for our study. |
| Homeostasis and Disease- page 12 | Understanding normal homeostatic mechanisms helps one to understand signs(objective/measurable) and symptoms ( subjective). If outside the normal internal limits, Disease occurs, as these effects become so severe that the body can't compensate for them. |
| Structural features of the epidermis- and explain the functional significance of each | |
| What accounts for individual differences in Skin color | |
| Response of melanocytes to sunlight exposure | |
| Interaction between Sunlight and vitamin D3 production | |
| Describe the Roles of epidermal growth factor EGF | |
| Describe Dermis- Structure and function | |
| Describe Hypodermis- Structure and function | |
| Mechanism that produces hair | |
| structural basis for hair texture and color | |
| Glands in the skin- list secretions of those glands | |
| Anatomical structure of nails | |
| How nails are formed | |
| How skin responds to injury | |
| Effects of aging on skin | |
| Skin cancer- p 151 1. Actinic keratosis a scaly area on sun damaged skin. Not sign of skin cancer 2. Basal cell carcinoma- most common skin cancer NO METASTASIS) 3. Squamous cell carcinoma is less common ( occurs with sun damage)SELDOM metastasizes | ABCDE skin Cancer malignant melanoma Asymmetry- IRREGULAR,RAISED,bleeds Border- irregular, NOTCHED Color- MOTTLED tan, brown, black, pink, white, blue Diameter- > 5 mm DIAMETER. Evolution/elevation Risk - fair skinned, exposure as a child |
| Decubitus Ulcer- p154 | or bedsores affect patients whose circulation is restricted, affects both epidermis & dermis, kills epidermal cells tissue destruction opens risk infection, prevent by frequent position changes |
| Liposuction - p 155 diet and lifestyle modifications is better | subcutaneous adipose tissue is removed through a tube after liposuction, skin is loose fitting, a tight fitting garment is worn until it recoils so its temporary fix bc adipose tissue will repair itself, and areolar tissue converts to adipose- |
| Burns and grafts - p163 | |
| Skin abnormalities -p164 | |
| Types of tissues - 4 | |
| Types of tissues - describe their roles | |
| types and functions of Epithelial tissue | |
| Describe the relationship between form and function for each type of epithelium | |
| types of Connective tissue- compare Structure and function | |
| Describe how Cartilage and bone function as supporting connecting tissue | |
| Explain how epithelial and connective tissue combine and form four types of tissue membranes, specify functions of each | |
| Describe how connective tissue establishes the framework of the body | |
| three types of muscle tissue, structural features of each | |
| Neural tissue- structure and role | |
| Describe how injuries affect the tissues of the body | |
| Describe how aging affects the tissues of the body | |
| Exfoliative cytology- p 115 | |
| Marfan's syndrome p 123 most dangerous possibility is it causes weak elastic tissues in walls of major arteries, such as the aorta, which may burst causing fatal loss of blood | inherited condition caused by production of weak form of fibrillin, a glycoprotein that impacts strength and elasticity of connective tissues Tall/long limbs and finger affects cardiovascular system- structural abnormalities in 90% of people |
| Problems with serous membranes p 133 | |
| tissue repair p 139 | |
| Essay Chap1 Name the two upper abdominal quadrant and list ALL organs that lie in each | Right upper quadrant (RUQ)and left upper quadrant (LUQ) |
| Essay Chap1 Right upper quadrant (RUQ) D RRUGSS CAP 9 + 2 common BILE DUCT, portion of stomach/intestines | Duodenum Right Liver - lobe Right kidney - upper lobe Gallbladder w biliary tree, common bile duct Section of the Ascending colon Section of the transverse colon Colon- Hepatic flexure Adrenal gland- Right Pancreas- Head |
| Essay Chap1 Left upper quadrant (LUQ) 10 CAPSULE SSS | Colon- Splenic flexure Adrenal gland- Left Pancreas- Body Spleen Upper left lobe of kidney Liver- left lobe Esophagus- lower section Section of transverse colon Section of descending colon Stomach |
| Essay Chap4 What type of epithelium do you expect to find lining the alveoli(air sacs) in the lungs | A flat thin single layer, known as simple squamous epithelium. it helps with gas exchange via diffusion. Any other arrangement would create a thicker barrier. |
| Essay chap 5 why is subcutaneous injection with a hypodermic needle a useful method of administering drugs? avascular, few capillaries, superficial fascia ( fatty layer), slow absorption, minimal damage | It is the layer of skin directly below the dermis and epidermis, has superficial fascia ( loose connective tissue),a fatty layer with little blood flow, medication absorbs slowly here,sometimes over 24 hours with no damage to muscles or vital organs. |
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