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6th - Astronomy
Paraphrased vocabulary from the astronomy textook
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| axis | the invisible line that Earth rotates on |
| rotation | spinning on an axis |
| revolution | one object moving around another |
| orbit | the path one object takes while revolving around another |
| solstice | the longest and shortest days of the year |
| equinoxes | the days of the year when day equals night |
| force | a push or a pull |
| law of universal gravitation | all objects are attracted to one another |
| mass | the amount of stuff in an object |
| weight | the force of gravity acting on mass |
| inertia | the tendency to keep moving in the same direction at the same speed |
| Newton's first law of motion | objects in motion or at rest will stay that way until something causes a change |
| phases | one of the apparent shapes of the moon unar een from Earth |
| eclipse | one planetary body casting its shadow on another |
| umbra | the darkest part of a shadow |
| penumbra | larger, but less dark, part of a shadow |
| lunar eclipse | Earth blocks the sun's light from hitting the moon |
| solar eclipse | the moon blocks the sun's light from hitting earth |
| spring tide | greatest difference between tides. happens at new and full moons |
| neap tide | least difference between tides. happens at first and third quarters |
| maria | the dark, flat lava flows on the surface of the moon |
| craters | large round pits from impacts on the moon's surface |
| meteoroids | chunks of rocks or dust from space |
| rocket | a vehicle that pushes gas in one direction to be propelled in the other direction |
| thrust | reaction force that propels a rocket forward |
| velocity | speed in a direction |
| orbital velocity | the speed needed to stay in orbit around Earth - any slower and the object will fall |
| escape velocity | the speed needed to escape the earth's gravitational pull - any slower and it will orbit or fall |
| satellie | an object on orbit around another object |
| space shuttle | the american vehicle that could go into space and come back a bunch of times |
| space station | a place to live and work in space for extended periods of time |
| space probe | unmanned robots that travel to distant locations and send information back |
| rover | unmanned robots that move about on other planets and send back information |
| vacuum | a place without matter |
| microgravity | the feeling of weightlessness in space |
| space spinoff | a product designed for use in space that has uses here on earth - like cordless tools, or memory metal |
| remote sensing | gathering data at a distance |
| geosynchronous orbit | orbiting earth over the same place all the time - moving at the same rate that earth rotates. |
Created by:
jewen
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