Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics and Basic Pharmacology Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A1 receptor (Gq) | increases vascular smooth muscle contraction, of the skin, splanchnic nerves, GI tract and uterus muscle |
| A2 receptor (Gi) | Decreases sympathetic outflow, decreases insulin release[inhibition and relaxation] |
| B1 receptor (Gs) | Increases Heart Rate, aqueous humor formation, lipolysis, renin release, and contractility |
| B2 receptor (Gs) | vasodilation, bronchodilation, and increases glucagon release, heart rate, contractility, lipolysis, relaxes uterine muscle |
| M1 receptor (Gq) | CNS and enteric nervous system |
| M2 receptor (Gi) | decreases heart rate and contractility |
| M3 receptor (Gq) | Increase exocrine gland secretions, gut peristalsis, bladder contraction |
| D1 receptor (Gs) | relaxes renal vascular smooth muscle |
| D2 receptor (Gi) | moduates transmitter release esp in the brain |
| H1 receptor (Gq) | increase in nasal and broncial mucous production, contraction of bronchioles, Pruritis and pain |
| H2 receptor (Gs) | Increases gastric acid production |
| V1 receptor (Gq) | Increases vascular smooth muscle contraction |
| V2 receptor (Gs) | H20 Permeability and Reabsorption in the collecting tubules of the kidney |
| activation of Gq protiens | Increase IP3 which increases intracellular Ca2+, and Increase in DAG which increases Protein Kinase C |
| activation of Gs proteins | increase cAMP and protein kinase A |
| Activtion of Gi proteins | decrease cAMP and protein kinase A |
| epinephrine (alpha agonist) | increases outflow of aq. humor |
| Bromonodine (alpha agonist) | decreases aq humor synthesis |
| Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol (B-blockers) | decrease aq humor secretions |
| Azetozolamide (diuretics) | decrease aq humor secretion due to HCO3- inhibition of carbonic anhydrase |
| Pilocarpine, Carbechol, Physostigmine, ecothiophate (Cholinomimetics) | increase in aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle to open trabecular meschwork. |
| Prostaglandin, Latanoprost | Increase in aqueous humor and may darken the color of iris |
| Epinephrine | A1,A2, B1, B2 low doses selective for B1 ; anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), and asthma, hypotension |
| Norepinephrine | A1 A2 >B1; hypotension but decrease in renal perfusion |
| Isoproternol | B1=B2, AV BLOCK RARE |
| Dopamine | D1=D2>B>a; shock (increase renal perfusion), heart failure |
| Dobutamine | B1>B2; shock, heart failure, cardiac stress testing |
| Amphetamine | Indirect agonist that releases stored catcecholamines; used for narcolepsy, ADD, and obesity |
| Ephedrine | indirect agonist that releases stored catecholamines; used for nasal congestion, hypotension, urinary retention |
| Phenylephrine | A1>A2; pupil dilator, vasoconstriction, and nasal decongestion |
| Albuterol, terbutaline | B2>B1; asthma, COPD |
| Cocaine | indirect general agonist, uptake inhibitor, causing vasoconstriction, and local anasthesia |
| Clonidine and a-methyldopa | centrally acting alpah agonist, decreases adrnergic outflow, used for hypertension, esp with renal disease (no decrease in blood flow to the kidney) |
| antidote for acetominophine | N-acetylcystein |
| antidote for salicylates | alkalinize urine, dialysis |
| antidote for anticholinesterases (neostigmine, pyrdostigmine, edrophonium, PHysostigmine, Echothiophate), and Organophosphates | Atropine +pralidoxime |
| antidote for antimuscarinic,antocholinergic agents | PHysostigmine salicylate |
| B-blockers antidote | glucagon |
| digitalis antitode | Stop dig, normalize K+, lidocain, anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+ |
| Iron antidote | deferoxamine |
| LEad | CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine |
| Arsenic, Mercury, gold | Dimercaprol (BAL) succimer |
| Copper, arsenic, gold | Penicillamine |
| Cyanaide | Nitrite, B12 |
| Methemoglobin | methylene blue |
| carbon monoxide | 100% O2 hyperbaric oxygen |
| Methanol, antifreeze | ehtanol, dialysis, fomepizole |
| Opiods (morphine, fentanyl, heroine, codeine, methadone, meperidine, dextromethorpan) | Naloxone/Naltroxone |
| Benzodiazepines (Diazepam, lorazepam, triazolam, temazepam, oxazepam..) | Flumazenil competitive antagonist at GABA receptor |
| TCA (imipramine, amitriptyline, desipramine, nortiptyline, compiramine, doxepine) | NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) |
| Heparin | protamin |
| warfarin | vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma |
| tPA, streptokinase | Amnocaproic acid |
| P450 Inducers | Queen Barbra takes Phen phen Refuses Greasy CarbS: Quinidine, Barbituates, Phenytoin, Rifampin, Greosulvin, Carbamazepine, St. Johns Worts, Chronic EtOH |
| P450 Inhibitors | Inhibitors Stop Cyber Kids from Eating Grapefruits: Sulfonamides, Cimetidine, Ketocanazole, Erythromycin (macrolide), Grapefruit Juice, verapamil, acute EtoH, disulfuram, steroids |
| Volume distribution equation (Vd) | Vd = amount of drug in body/ plasma drug concentration |
| low Vd distribution | in plasma |
| Medium Vd distrubiton | in extracellular tissues |
| High Vd distrubition | In tissues |
| Clearance (CL) | CL= Rate of elimination of drug/ plasma drug concentration = Vd x Ke (elimination constant) |
| Half life t 1/2 | T1/2 = .7 x Vd/ CL |
Created by:
Roshani
Popular USMLE sets