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Science Test 630s
Digestive and Urinary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Liver | A large reddish brown organ that helps with digestion |
| Constipation | When body doesn't get enough water, fiber or exercise |
| Anus | Opening where feces pass |
| Digestive Tract | A series of tubelike organ that are joined together end to end that help digest food. It includes: the mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, and anus. |
| Peristalsis | A muscle that forces food into the stomach |
| Gastric Ulcer | Open sore in stomach |
| Saliva | A liquid that mixes with food as you chew it |
| Enamel | The hardest material in your body, outermost layer of teeth |
| Premolars | Teeth that are perfect for mashing food |
| Chemical Digestion | When food is digested by being broken down by chemicals |
| Incisors | Teeth in front of mouth, used for shredding food |
| Enzymes | Special substances that break nutrients into smaller particals |
| Colon Cancer | Disease that can cause death, when colon cells divide uncontrollably and a tumor forms |
| Canines | Teeth in the front of mouth, used for shredding food |
| Molars | Teeth in back of the mouth, used for grinding food |
| Digestive System | A group of organs working together to digest food, so it can be used by the body |
| Esophagus | Tube that leads to stomach, food travels down it while being pushed by peristalsis |
| Mechanical Digestion | The breaking, crushing, and mashing of food |
| Sphincters | Bands of muscle |
| Heartburn | When stomach is blocked off at either end by bands of muscle called sphincters |
| Diarrhea | When bowel movements are frequent and watery |
| Gallbladder | Small baglike organ that breaks up large fat |
| Rectum | The last section of the large intestine that stores feces until they can be expelled |
| Feces/Stool | Liquid made by the large intestine |
| Urinary System | A system that removes waste products from your blood |
| Excretion | Term used when substances must pass through a membrane in order to leave the body |
| Kidney | Pair of bean shaped organs that contently clean and filter blood, produce urine |
| Nephrons | Microscopic filters inside a kidney, filter blood, more than 1 million in a kidney |
| Hormones | A balance of fluids that is controlled by chemical messengers |
| Sweat and Thirst | When you get hot, you loose more water and it cools you down, salivary glands produce less saliva, one of the reasons you feel thirsty |
| Antidiuretic Hormone | When a hormone is released when you are thirsty, it signals the kidneys to take back water from the nephrons and return it to the blood stream, making it less urine |
| Diuretics | Caffeine and other beverages that make you have more urine and it decreases the amount of water in your blood, makes you have to go to the bathroom more often |
| Bacterial Infections | When bacteria gets into the bladder and ureters and causes painful infections, can spread to the kidneys if not treated early and can lead to permanent damage in the nephrons |
| Kidney Stones | When salts and waste collect inside kidneys, they interfere with urine flow and cause pain |
| Kidney Disease | Damage in nephrons, prevent normal kidney function |
| Ureter | Lets urine out |
| Ureter | Carries urine to bladder |
| Urine | Pee |
| Kidney Transplant | When kidneys do not work properly and you have to get them removed and install new ones |
| Bladder | Stores urine |
Created by:
NatRat
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