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Mrs. T's Final Revie
Mrs. T's Final Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| universal solvent | water |
| define organ | tissue that work together to perform a function |
| place in order from simple to complex: molecules, atoms, tissues, cells, system | atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, systems |
| define physiology | study of functions of living things |
| opposite of distal | proximal |
| opposite of superficial | deep |
| structural and functional unit of life | cell |
| opposite of lateral | medial |
| how is an enzyme identified in a diagram | it stays the same shape and size |
| function of centrioles | cell division |
| most important energy compound in organisms | adenosine triphosphate |
| building blocks of carbs | monosaccharides |
| composition of plasma membrane | phospholipids and proteins |
| describe 3 facts about aerobic cellular respiration | occurs in mitochondria, uses oxygen, produces ATP |
| all the catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body are called | metabolism |
| term for normal saline, used in eyedrops and IVs | isotonic |
| function of rough ER | protein synthesis and transport |
| structures that hold chromatids together | centromeres |
| number of basic tissue types in human | 4 |
| functional unit of nervous tissue | neuron |
| group of cells that work together to perform a specific function | tissue |
| only connective tissue with a fluid matrix | blood |
| ductless glands | endocrine |
| tissue composed of a single layer of flat cells over a basement membrane | simple squamous |
| type of tissue in intestines | smooth, involuntary visceral muscle |
| fingerprints are due to... | development of dermis |
| what are fingernails composed of? | hard keratin |
| type of cells produced by mitosis | body cells |
| transport of materials against a concentration gradient | active transport |
| tissue type that stores energy | adipose |
| most widely distributed type of tissue in body | connective |
| tissue in heart | cardiac muscle |
| pinocytosis and phagocytosis are examples of | endocytosis |
| exceptions to cell theory | 1st cell, mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA, viruses |
| what does the skin produce when exposed to the sun? | melanin and vitamin D |
| function of osteoblasts | deposit calcium to form bone |
| what are parts of appendicular skeleton? | arms and legs |
| where does growth of bone occur? | epiphyseal plate |
| what holds bones together at a joint? | ligaments |
| describe spongy bone | made of plates called trabecular, with open spaces between trabeculae |
| second epidermal layer from surface | stratum lucidum |
| function of haversian canal | transport |
| which type of muscle is multinucleate/ | skeletal |
| immovable joints of cranium are called | sutures |
| age-related degenerative joints | osteoarthritis |
| function of bone | red blood cell formation, support and protection, attach muscles, store Ca and P |
| when does destruction and remodeling of bone occur? | during growth, due to stress, during healing of fracture |
| where is smooth muscle located? | stomach walls, walls of blood vessels |
| where is voluntary, striated muscle located? | arms and legs |
| involuntary striated muscle tissue, composed of a network of branching, interconnected fibers | cardiac muscle |
| a muscle that remains in a contracted state | tetanus |
| muscle that extends the forearm | triceps brachii |
| when does lactic acid build up? | after strenuous activity, due to lack of oxygen. it causes cramping. |
| what makes up the thick muscle filaments? | myosin |
| series of biophysical events that result in sarcomeres shortening is called... | sliding filament theory of muscle contraction |
| lifting up a heavy weight is what type of exercise? | resistance |
| impulses are conducted away from the cell body of a neuron by... | axons |
| part of brain that interprets visual images | occipital lobe |
| vital centers for control of heart rate, respiratory rate | medulla |
| parts of peripheral nervous systems | spinal nerves, cranial nerves, and ganglia |
| part of brain that links nervous and endocrine systems | hypothalamus |
| two major divisions of the nervous system | central and peripheral |
| neuron that carries message to brain and spinal cord | sensory |
| path of a reflex | sensory neuron - interneuron - motor neuron |
| gaps on the myelin sheath which allow impulses to jump at a faster rate | nodes of Ranvier |
| connects the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum | corpus callosum |
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