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Stack #158915
kilgore lvl1: Pharm 27 coagulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anticoagulant | Inhibit the action of formation of clotting factors and prevent clots from forming |
| Which are anticoagulant drugs? | Warfarin, Enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin also: lepirudin & argatroban |
| What is PTT and it's norms? | PTT is partial thromboplastin time which measures heparin. >theraputic levels 1.5-2.5 times the normal control value, 21-35 (so btwn 52.5-87.5) |
| What is aPTT and it's norms? | >activated partial thromboplastin time used measure heparin effectiviness. >therapeutic levels are 1.5-2.5 times the control value of 25-35. (so 37.5-87.5) |
| What is PT and it's norms? | >prothrombin time; a measurement for warfarin effectiviness >therapeutic levels are 1.5 times the control time of 11-13 (so 16.5-19.5) |
| What is INR and it's norms? | International normalized ratio measures warfarin effectiviness. >target levels are btwn 2-3.5 |
| What is an antiplatelet drug? | drugs that prevent platelet plugs from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation |
| What are hemorrheologic drugs? | a type of antiplatelet drug that inhibits platelet aggregation w/o preventing them from working |
| What are antifibrinolytic drugs? | drugs that promote blood coagulation to help mgt of excessive bleeding conditions (also known as hemostatic drugs) |
| What are thrombolytic drugs? | drugs that break down clots (Thrombi) that have already formed |
| What are LMWHs? | Low Molecular weight heparin ie-enoxaparin (Lovenox) |
| what are symptoms indicating anticoagulant overdose or toxicity? | hematuria, blood in stool, gum or mucous membrane bleeding stop heparin & warfarin IMMEDIATELY |
| What is protamine sulfate? | Antidote to heparine overdose/toxicity |
| what is vitamin K used for? | reversal of warfarin overdose/toxicity |
| Key facts of Warfarin | >therapeutically measured by PT/INR >3-4 days of therapy to peak effectivelss |
| Key facts of Enoxaparin (Lovenox) | LMWH, higher bioavailabiliyt & longer half-life than heparin |
| key facts on heparin | >low dose is used in IV-flush for patency >non-synthetic source (cows & pigs) |
| key facts on aspirin | >antiplatelet drug that interferes irreversibly with platelet enzyme formation |
| key facts on Clopidogrel | antiplatelet drug that changes platelet membrane to prevent clotting/aggregation |
| key facts on eptifibatide | antiplatelet drug that inhibits a receptor on the platelet's membrane to prevent clotting/aggresgation |
| key facts on aminocaproic acid | antifibrinolytic (pro-clotting) used to prevent/control excessive bleeding from surgery |
| key facts on desmopressin | antifibrinolytic (pro-clotting) used in mgt of hemophilia A |
| key facts on alteplase | thrombolytic (clot-destroying) -faster acting than heparin following MI, but v. short half-life |
| key facts on streptokinase | thrombolytic (clot-destroying) >made by group-A streptococci >systemic allergic reaction possible |
Created by:
gfcfnina
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