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BSC1005L
Bio Lab: Animal
| Term | Definition | Example/Extra | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Learned behavior | behavior that is more or less permanently altered as a result of the experience of the individual organism | ||
| Habituation | a reduction in a previously-displayed response when no reward or punishment follows | If you make an unusual sound in the presence of the family dog, it will respond — usually by turning its head toward the sound. If the stimulus is given repeatedly and nothing either pleasant or unpleasant happens to the dog, it will soon cease to respond | This lack of response is not a result of fatigue nor of sensory adaptation and is long-lasting; when fully habituated, the dog will not respond to the stimulus even though weeks or months have elapsed since it was last presented. |
| Taxis (pl. taxes) | response in which an organism responds to a stimulus by automatically moving directly toward or away from or at some defined angle to it | They are similar to tropisms in plants except that actual locomotion of the entire organism is involved. | |
| Kinesis | an orientation behavior in which an organism does not move in a particular direction relative to the stimulus, but instead moves at an increasing or decreasing rate depending on whether the environment is favorable or unfavorable | ||
| Non social behavior | behavior not related to group interaction | prey capture, scratching | |
| Social behavior | behavior that is related to interaction between individuals | mating, reproductive behavior, flocking, herding, fighting, aggression | |
| Intraspecific aggression | fighting directed at a member of the same species | functions in spacing out individuals to avoid overcrowding | |
| Dominance | Superior social status of an individual compared to another member of same species who is more subordinate or submissive | Threat displays are used in many social groups to establish dominant/subordinate relationships. The dominant individuals may get the choice for territory, food or mate. | |
| Dependent variable | the factor that is affected by the manipulation of some other factor (the independent variable) in the experiment. | The dependent variable is the factor you MEASURE for change | |
| Independent variable | the factor that is manipulated in an experiment to see the effect, if any, on the dependent variable, which we then measure. | For example, different amounts of the dosage of a medicine, or in our experiment, we change the condition of the environment (moist, dark, cold, etc). | |
| Hypothesis | a possible explanation of a phenomenon based on preliminary observations or research. An educated guess. | Usually stated in the If….Then… format. | |
| Prediction | a forecast of the outcome of an experiment based on the hypothesis | ||
| Instinctive behaviors | behaviors that are primarily genetic in origin;innate behaviors | swimming in new born fishes, crying, scratching in dogs, web weaving in spiders | |
| Subordinate | an individual that gives up in a confrontation with another, more dominant individual, whatever was being contested (territory, food, mate) is “won” by dominant individual |
Created by:
Koolia101
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