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Psych100
Chapter 4 - Cognition, Intelligence & Memory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cognitive Load | Extent to which our mind is engaged in controlled processing - the more load,less capable of thinking |
| Stroop Effect | An automatic process interferes with a controlled process. |
| Motivation Determines Allocation | The importance of information determines what proportion of your available resources will be consumed about it. (running from bear, won't care about digestion) |
| Cocktail Party Effect | At a party, you all of a sudden hear your name. Your brain was subconsciously eavesdropping the whole time, but nothing was important until your name was called. You then shift your attention. |
| Heuristics | Mental shortcuts that help us make decisions quickly and with minimal cognitive effort. |
| Availability Heuristic | The easier to think of instances of something, the more often that thing occurs. |
| Representatives Heuristic | Which category does this instance best represent? Judgement about which category something belongs in. |
| Confirmation Bias | We tend to look for information that supports what we already believe to be true. If we agree, it's a fact. |
| Metacognition | Thinking about thinking |
| Comparative Cognition | Refers to the study of thought processes among a number of different species |
| Intelligence | Smartness |
| G Factor | General intelligence - core level of intelligence that underlies all other specific abilities. |
| Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences | Verbal/Linguistic Logical/Mathematical Spatial/Visual Bodily/Kinesthetic Musical Interpersonal/consider moods o others Intrapersonal/self aware Naturalist/Animal recognition Existential/deep qs |
| Emotion Intelligence | Ability to regulate self and work effectively with others |
| Declarative Memories | Specific facts you can recall: Semantic - discrete facts - meaning, state caps Episodic - specific events - concert |
| Procedural Memories | Sequence of cog-behavioral action stored in a more subconscious form. tying a shoe. |
| Primacy/Recency Effect | More likely to remember the first items last items |
| Icomic Ecoic | Look up sensory, short term, & long term Memories |
| Scripts | Sequence of behaviors that we engage in. sequences of someone asking you "come lets watch a new movie", stored & retrived |
| Schemas | Groups of information that are linked together because they're somehow related. Zoo - animals, enclosure, school trip experience |
| Stereotypes | Sets of beliefs that we have about a particular social group |
| Priming | A stimulus that activates a related concept - activates subconsciously other related schemas (perfume) |
| State dependent memory | If you experience something in one psychological state, may be hard to recall in another state. |
| Decay | Dissolvation of information over time and is lost forever if not accessed readily. |
| Interference | Hard to encode information correctly or to recall it efficiently because the brain is procession something else at the same time. (attack by kids as u put you keys down, wont remember later where) |
| Insufficient priming | Memory stored correctly but not enough activation to locate it and move it from long term to short term memory. (Going through letters of alphabet to remember one's name) |
| Disorganization | Information stored but cant find due to some error in manner the information was organized in storage. Hard to access. Something popping in your head all of a sudden. |
| Retrograde Amnesia | Inability to remember things prior to the onset of memory loss. The Borne Identity. |
| Anterograde Amnesia | Inability to form new memories, even though memories from the past remain intact. Alzheimers, remember past. |
Created by:
ybekele
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