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SLS Bio11 MicrobioBM
SLS Bio11 Microbiology BM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antibody | Any of the numerous Y-shaped gamma globulin proteins found in the blood or lymph, and produced by B cells as an immune defense against foreign agents (antigens). |
| Antigen | Any of the various substances that when recognized as non-self by the adaptive immune system triggers an immune response, stimulating the production of an antibody that specifically reacts with it. |
| DNA | A double-stranded nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for cell growth, division, and function. |
| host cell | A cell that harbors foreign molecules, viruses, or microorganisms. For example, a cell being host to a virus. |
| lymphocyte | white Cell of the blood that are derived from stem cells of the lymphoid series. |
| lysogenic cycle | Bacteriophage's nucleic acid fuses together with the hosts nucleic acid, so that genetic information of the virus is transmitted through daughter cells. |
| lytic cycle | One of the two cycles of viral reproduction, usually considered the main method of viral reproduction because it ends in the lysis of the infected cell releasing the progeny viruses that will in turn spread and infect other cells. |
| membranous envelope | lipoprotein outer layer of some viruses derived from plasma membrane of the host cell. |
| mucous membrance | A lubricating membrane lining all body passages and cavities. |
| nucleic acid core | Some viruses contain DNA and others contain RNA. These molecules are responsible for the primary qualities of life that viruses display while inside host cells. Nucleic acids are genetic instructions for viral activity and reproduction. |
| phagocytic white blood cell | A white blood cell, that engulfs and absorbs waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues. |
| primary line of defense | |
| protein capsid | The protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus |
| RNA | a nucleic acid that is generally single stranded (double stranded in some viruses) and plays a role in transferring information from DNA to protein-forming system of the cell. |
| secondary line of defense | |
| tertiary line of defense | |
| viral specificity | |
| white blood cell | Any of the blood cells that lack hemoglobin, colourless and with nucleus. Its primary role involves the body's immune system, protecting the body against invading microorganisms and foreign particles. |
| aerobic respiration | A form of cellular respiration that requires oxygen in order to generate energy. |
| antibiotic | Antimicrobial agent made from microorganisms, and can kill and inhibit the growth of microorganisms, especially those that are infectious or disease-causing |
| antiseptic | a substance that inhibits the growth and development of microorganisms without necessarily killing them. |
| bacteria | Microscopic, single-celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera that possess a prokaryotic type of cell structure |
| binary fission | A type of asexual reproduction common among prokaryotes wherein a cell divides giving rise to two cells, each having the potential to grow to the size of the original cell. |
| classification | The systematic grouping of living things based on characteristics, hierarchical, or phylogenetic relationships |
| conjugation | The process whereby two ciliates come together in a temporary fusion to exchange micronuclear material, then separate, each being a fertilized cell. |
| disinfectant | An agent that disinfects, applied particularly to agents used on inanimate objects. |
| ecological role | |
| fermentation | An anaerobic (without oxygen) cellular process in which organic foods are converted into simpler compounds, and chemical energy (ATP) is produced. |
| motility | The ability to move actively and on instinct, usually consuming energy in the process. |
| mutate/mutation | A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosome; the process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome. |
| photosynthesis | The synthesis of complex organic material using carbon dioxide, water, inorganic salts, and light energy (from sunlight) captured by light-absorbing pigments, such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments. |
| prokaryote | Any of the group of organisms primarily characterized by the lack of true nucleus and other membrane-bound cell compartments |
| resistant/resistence | The failure of a condition to respond or remit following treatment. (medicine) the condition in which an organism can resist disease. |
Created by:
Bransten
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