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Science - Final Exam
Final Exam Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who used the first telescope in astronomy? | Galileo |
| List the 3 functions of a telescope. | *To gather light *To magnify light *Increase resolution(to bring out details in an image) |
| Which type of telescope uses mirrors? Lenses? | Newtonian Reflecting Telescope - mirrors; Refracting Telescope - lenses |
| How many modern constellations are there? | 88 constellations |
| How would you identify the brightest & second star in a constellation using John Bayer's system? | Alpha is brightest; Beta to next brightest and so on |
| What numbers on the magnitude scale are the brightest? | -30 is the brightest |
| List 2 things that affect a star's brightness | *Distance of the star from the earth *Great distance of the star from the earth |
| Define a light year. | light year-The distance light travels in a year |
| How far(in km.) does light travel in a year? | 9.6 trillion km. |
| What are the different shapes of galaxies & which type is the Milky Way? | *Spiral galaxy - Milky Way and Andromeda *Elliptical galaxy - most common - Can be spherical or flat *Barred Spiral Galaxy - Similar to spiral and has only one arm *Irregular Galaxy - any unusual shape |
| What is the most common shape of galaxy? | Elliptical galaxy |
| What star is found in Ursa Minor? | Polaris (North Star) and Kochab |
| Define a gnomon. | gnomon-one of the oldest devices to study the stars - Casts shadows in the sunlight |
| Define a quadrant. | quadrant-used a dial and a moveable sight to see the angle a sighted star made with the horizon |
| List the various early clocks that did not involve the observation of the sun. | Clocks-water, sand, and candles |
| Define resolution. | resolution-details of an image |
| What problem did refractor telescopes have? | refractor telescopes gave false colors (chromatic aberration) |
| What is the difference between proper motion and radial motion? | radial motion - movement directly towards or away from us proper motion - movement across the sky - edmond Halley first to see this |
| What are the 6 unusual stars? | |
| How are the 6 unusual stars different from each other? | |
| What is the name of our galaxy? | our galaxy is called the Milky Way |
| Define a nebulae. | nebulae - clouds of dust and gas in space |
| What is the size of the sun? | one solar mass |
| What is the color of the sun? | surface temperature of the sun - 6000 Celcius |
| What is the surface temperature of the sun? | color of the sun - yellow |
| What is a star cluster? | several to a few thousand stars that move in a similar motion |
| What are the two different types of star clusters and how are they different? | open star clusters - few stars that are spread far apart globular - thousands of stars grouped closely, but appear as one |
| What did ancient people use to measure time? | water, sand, and candles measured time in ancient cultures |
| Are early clocks that did not sue the sun accurate? | |
| What type of telescopes did Galileo use? | refractor telescope was used by Galileo |
| What did early telescopes use to gather light? | flat mirrors |
| Are astronomy and astrology the same thing? | no |
| What are the 4 different types of telescopes? | |
| What are the different types of galaxies? | |
| What are the different types of nebulae? | |
| Who invented the reflecting telescope? | Newton in the 1800's |
Created by:
TwoTew1999
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