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final exam
study questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Control of metabolism; storage and processing of genetic information; and control of protein synthesis | nucleus |
| Vesicles containing degradative enzymes, that catabolize fats and neutralize toxic compounds | peroxisome |
| Vesicles containing digestive enzymes, that remove damaged organelles or pathogens | lysosome |
| Provides strength and support; enables movement of cellular structures and materials | cytoskeleton |
| DNA nitrogen base | thymine |
| Process of mRNA formation from DNA template | transcription |
| Process of protein synthesis, using mRNA as pattern | translation |
| Contains codons | mRNA |
| Carrier-mediated transport of a solute through a membrane using ATP for energy | active transport |
| mRNA coding regions | exons |
| RNA nitrogen base | uracil |
| Triplet of mRNA nucleotides that specifies one amino acid | codon |
| Synthesize rRNA | nucleoli |
| Contains anticodons | tRNA |
| mRNA noncoding regions | introns |
| Covers bone surfaces at mobile joints | hyaline cartilage |
| Lines nasal cavity, trachea, and larger airways of lungs | pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
| Single layer of flattened cells | simple squamous epithelium |
| Found in tendons and ligaments | dense regular connective tissue |
| Lines urinary bladder, allows stretch | transitional epithelium |
| Connective tissue cells that synthesize extracellular fibers | fibroblasts |
| Type of cell junction in which cells are connected using channel proteins called connexons | gap junction |
| Mobile, phagocytic blood cells that enter tissues during infection or injury | neutrophils and eosinophils |
| Supporting cells in nervous tissue | neuroglia |
| Muscle tissue having short, spindle-shaped, nonstriated cells | smooth muscle |
| The complex structure attached to the basal surface of an epithelium | basal lamina |
| Type of cell junction in which the lipid portions of the two plasma membranes are tightly bound together by interlocking membrane proteins | occluding junction |
| Connective tissue cells that produce antibodies | plasma cells |
| Muscle tissue having short striated cells, usually with single nucleus | cardiac muscle |