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Biology
Human Body FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the uttermost protective layer of the Integumentary system | skin |
| What is the primary tissue of the dermis? | connective tissue |
| What is the gland connected to and slightly superior to the hair follicle? | sebaceous gland |
| What structure is not in the dermis? | fat cells |
| What is the tissue that connects bones to bones and is made from an extension of the periosteum? | ligament |
| A thick, tough, flexible material at the end of bones and within grwth areas of bones is called what? | Cartilage |
| What is the tissue that connects muscles to bones? | tendon |
| What does calcium give bone tissue? | strength |
| To move parts of the body is the function of which type of muscles? | skeletal |
| to move an organ or materials in an organ is the function of which type of muscle? | Visceral or smooth |
| The muscle fibers that make up cardiac muscles are called what? | striated |
| what muscle type is primarily voluntary? | skeletal |
| that muscle that flexes the arm at the elbow is called the what? | biceps brachii |
| The muscle that extends the arm at the elbow is called what? | triceps brachii |
| A short passageway that leads from the pharynx to the trachea, commonly called the voice box, is what? | the larynx |
| A muscular tube about 5 inches long, where the posterior nasal cavity and posterior region of the mouth meet; commonly called the throat, is what? | The Pharynx |
| What folds down over the glottis upon swallowing to prevent food from entering the glottis? | the epiglottis |
| branching tubes off the trachea that lead to each of the lungs is what? | the bronchi |
| the delicate mucous membrane that lines the thorax and covers the lungs is what? | the pleural membrane |
| the mechanical activity of taking air into the alveoli and then out again is what? | ventilation |
| the microscopic sacs deep in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged wit the blood in the surrounding capillaries is what? | the alveoli |
| the gas that crosses the respiratory membrane from the alveoli into the blood to be transported to the body's cells for aerobic cellular respiration is what? | oxygen |
| the 5" cylindrical tube extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes; commonly called the windpipe, is what? | trachea |
| air enter what? | the nasal cavity |
| what does the nasal cavity due to the air? | it moistens, warms, and filters the air |
| what are 3 primary functions of the respiratory system? | ventilation, smell, and voice |
| What is the scientific term for chewing? | mastication |
| what are the primary structures involved in the process of mastication? | teeth |
| what are the wavelike contractions of the smooth muscle of the digestive tract called? | peristalsis |
| what is the name given to partially digested food with gastric enzymes? | chyme |
| what are the microscopic hairlike projections of the intestinal lining? | villi |
| what organ is primarily responsible for absorption of nutrients? | small intestines |
| what organ s primarily responsible for reabsorption of water? | large intestines |
| what begins the breakdown of starches in the mouth? | saliva/ amylase |
| when you swallow, what keeps food out of your trachea/lungs? | epiglottis |
| where is bile produced? | liver |
| where is bile stored? | gall bladder |
| what substance does bile help to digest? | fats |
| what nutrient begins its chemical breakdown in the stomach? | protein by pepsin |
| what organ produces the most of the digestive enzymes that enter the small intestine? | pancreas |
| What is 90% water; the fluid portion of the blood called? | blood plasma |
| what is a red, membranous structure filled with hemoglobin; most numerous blood "cells"; transports oxygen? | erythrocytes |
| what is involved in coagulation, the formation of a blood clot? | platelets |
| what defends the body against bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances; digests and removes injured and dead body cells? | leucocyes |
| what is the largest vessel in the human body that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart? | aorta |
| what receives the blood from the body and is the upper chamber of the heart? | atrium |
| what is between the right atrium and right ventricle that keeps blood flowing the right way? | tricuspid valve |
| what large vein brings deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart? | vena cava |
| what large muscular chamber of the heart pumps the blood to the lungs or to the body? | ventricle |
| what is the muscular wall between he two lower heart chambers? | septum |
| what part of the neuron receives stimulus? | dendrite |
| what is a neurotransmitter? | acetylcholine |
| what is the protective covering/insulation on an axon? | the myelin sheath |
| what muscle or body part is effected b nerve impulses? | effector |
| what us the location on a muscle fiber where a neuron provides a stimulus? | the neuromuscular junction |
| what part of the neuron transmits the stimulus? | the axon |
| what are the parts of the Central Nervous System? | the brain and spinal cord |
| what are the parts of the Peripheral Nervous System? | nerves and sense organs |
| what is the part of the neuron containing the nucleus? | the cell body |
| What are the three main part of the neuron in order of impulse transmissions? | the dendrite, cell body, and axon |
| what reaction tells your leg to jerk away before you were aware of what happened? | The reflex arc or act |
| what coordinates balance and the actions of muscles? | cerebellum |
| what is responsible for voluntary activities and thinking? | the cerebrum |
| what lob of the cerebrum is responsible for reasoning, judgment and emotions? | the frontal lobe |
| When blood plasma leaves the capillaries and surrounds the body cells it is now called what? | interstitial fluid |
| when the fluid that surrounds the cells enters the lymphatic system it is now called what? | lymph |
| any foreign substance that causes a defense response in the body is called what? | an antigen |
| a protein substance produced by the body to help eliminate foreign invaders is what? | an antibody |
| the largest organ of the lymphatic system filters the blood rather than lymph and is called what? | spleen |
| lymph nodes act to filter out and destroy foreign invaders and use special cells called what? | macrophages |
| when a person resists a disease and destroys it before symptoms occur he is what to it? | immune |
| when the body can't distinguish itself from foreign antigens it is called what? | an autoimmune disease |
| the type of immunity that involves B cells in the blood tat make antibodies is called what? | Humoral immunity |
| the type of immunity that involves T cells that mature in the thymus gland is called what? | Cell-mediated immunity |
| A vaccination provides immunity from certain diseases and is usually made from what? | weakened virus |
| what causes glucose to be removed from the body? | insulin |
| what stimulates the production of thyroxin? | TSH |
| what regulates the rate of metabolism? | Thyroxin |
| what gland controls blood glucose levels? | pancreas |
| what raises blood sugar, heart and respiratory rates? | Adrenaline |
| what gland is responsible for metabolic rates? | thyroid gland |
| what gland is responsible for initiating stress response? | adrenal gland |
| what is responsible for male and female characteristics? | testis and ovaries |
| what gland stimulates the other glands by its secretions and also secretes the growth hormone? | the pituitary gland |
| What is the mass of vascular tissue connected to the wall of the uterus where nutrients and wastes are exchanged between the mother and the embryo/fetus? | placenta |
| what cell is formed when the sperm and ovum unite? | zygote |
| what contains blood vessel that carry blood of the fetus to and from the placenta? | Umbilical cord |
| what is the birth canal called? | Vagina |
| what sac is filled with fluid to protect the embryo/fetus? | amnion |
| what is the thick walled organ for the development of the embryo/fetus? | uterus |
| what provides protection for the developing embryo/fetus? | amniotic fluid |
| what is the release of the ova from the follicle of an ovary that occurs on approximately the 14th day of the cycle? | ovulation |
| what is the name of the developing baby from the end of the 8th week til birth? | fetus |
| what is the site of spermatogenesis and testosterone production? | testes |
| what is the name of the developing baby from the time of implantation til the end of the 8th week? | embryo |
| where is the site of oogenesis and estrogen and progesterone production? | ovaries |
| What is the lobe of the cerebrum responsible for the sense of vision? | occipital |
| what is the lobe of the cerebrum responsible for sensations such as pin and temperature? | parietal |
| what is the part of the brain that controls secretions of the pituitary gland? | hypothalamus |
| what is responsible for involuntary responses such as heartbeat and breathing | medulla oblongata |
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AngryBirds12
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