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SLS Bio11 Micro AW
SLS Bio11 Microbiology AW
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antibody | Any of the numerous Y-shaped gamma globulin proteins found in the blood or lymph, and produced by B cells as an immune defense against foreign agents (antigens). |
| Antigen | Any of the various substances that when recognized as non-self by the adaptive immune system triggers an immune response, stimulating the production of an antibody that specifically reacts with it. |
| DNA | A double-stranded nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for cell growth, division, and function. |
| Host Cell | A cell that harbours foreign molecules, viruses, or micro-organisms. For example, a cell being host to a virus. |
| Lymphocyte | white Cell of the blood that are derived from stem cells of the lymphoid series. |
| Lysogenic Cells | Causing or having the power to cause lysis, as the action of certain antibodies and chemical substances. |
| Lytic cycle | One of the ways of virus reproduction. Bacteriophage's nucleic acid fuses together with the hosts nucleic acid, so that genetic information of the virus is transmitted through daughter cells. |
| Membranous Envolope | lipoprotein outer layer of some viruses derived from plasma membrane of the host cell. |
| Mucous membrane | A fabricating membrane lining all body passages and cavities. |
| Nucleic Acid Core | Centre of the Acid |
| Phagocyte white blood cell | When a white blood cell or white substance present in body fluid to fight foreign materials |
| Primary Line of Defence | First line of defence from viruses (sweat,tears,earwax) |
| Protein Capsid | The protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus |
| RNA | Abbreviation for ribonucleic acid: a nucleic acid that is generally single stranded (double stranded in some viruses) and plays a role in transferring information from DNA to protein-forming system of the cell. |
| Secondary Line of Defence | Organisms must find a means of defence against antigens such a viruses described on the previous page. If this was not the case, bacteria, fungi and viruses would replicate out of control inside other organisms which would most likely already be extinct. |
| Tertiary Line of Defence | That is used as a final line of defence |
| Viral Specificity | When a virus infects only certain organisms |
| White Blood cells | Any of the blood cells that lack hemoglobin, colourless and with nucleus. Its primary role involves the body's immune system, protecting the body against invading microorganisms and foreign particles. |
| Aerobic Respiration | A form of cellular respiration that requires oxygen in order to generate energy. |
| Antibiotic | Antimicrobial agent made from microorganisms, and can kill and inhibit the growth of microorganisms, especially those that are infectious or disease-causing |
| Aerobic Respiration | (1) A form of cellular respiration that requires oxygen in order to generate energy. |
| Bacteria | Microscopic, single-celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera that possess a prokaryotic type of cell structure, which means their cells are noncompartmentalized, and their DNA (usually circular) can be found throughout the cytoplasm. |
| Binary Fission | A type of asexual reproduction common among prokaryotes wherein a cell divides giving rise to two cells, each having the potential to grow to the size of the original cell. |
| Classification | Classification consists of classifying a organism in a way |
| Conjugation | The process whereby two ciliates come together in a temporary fusion to exchange micronuclear material, then separate, each being a fertilized cell. |
| Disinfectant | To remove infected material |
| Ecological Role | A role that a certain bacteria or virus has pon the ecosystem |
| Fermentation | An anaerobic (without oxygen) cellular process in which organic foods are converted into simpler compounds, and chemical energy (ATP) is produced. |
| Motility | The ability to move actively and on instinct, usually consuming energy in the process. |
| Mutate/Mutation | A change in or the process of changing, e.g. nature, form or quality. |
| Photosynthesis | The synthesis of complex organic material using carbon dioxide, water, inorganic salts, and light energy (from sunlight) captured by light-absorbing pigments, such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments. |
| Prokaryote | Any of the group of organisms primarily characterized by the lack of true nucleus and other membrane-bound cell compartments. |
| Resistant/Resistance | The failure of a condition to respond or remit following treatment. (medicine) the condition in which an organism can resist disease. |
Created by:
AidanWilliamson
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