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Bio Ch. 1 Vocabulary
Pershing Bio Ch. 1 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rudolf Virchow | Added a third part to the cell theory which stated "all cells come from existing cells" |
| Anton van Leewenhoek | Looked at pond scum under a microscope and saw little animals. Also was the first person to look at bacteria. |
| Robert Hooke | The first person to describe cells after viewing cork under a microscope |
| Theodor Schwann | Wrote the first two parts of the cell theory which includes "all organisms are made of cells" and "the cell is the basic unit of all living things" |
| Matthias Schleiden | Studied plants and concluded that all plant parts were made of cells |
| eukaryote | an organism that has a nucleus and a membrane-bound organelles;includes animals, plants, & fungi |
| nucleus | organelle that contains DNA; considered the "brain" of the cell |
| prokaryote | an organism that consists of a single cell and does not have a nucleus; includes bacteria & archaea |
| cytoplasm | the jelly-like fluid that fills the inside of the cell |
| cell membrane | a soft, protective layer that covers the cell's surface and acts as a barrier |
| oranelle | small bodies in the cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function |
| cell | the smallest living unit that can perform all of life's processes |
| mitochondria | breaks down sugar to make energy through cellular respiration; the "power house" of the cell |
| cell wall | a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane & provides support to the cell; present in plants and fungi |
| vesicle | a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell |
| Golgi complex | an organelle that helps make & package materials to be transported out of the cell; looks similar to the endoplasmic reticulum |
| lysosome | an organelle that contains digestive enzymes used to destroy worn-out organelles and get rid of wastes |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a system of folded membranes in which proteins & lipids are made; looks similar to the Golgi complex |
| ribosome | organelle that makes proteins; are very tiny and float around in the cytoplasm. Some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum as well. |
| vacuole | large centrally located organelle used to store water & digestive enzymes in plant and fungal cells |
| function | the job that an organism does |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that work together to perform a common function; animals have four basic types |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function in the body |
| organ | a group of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body; examples include the heart & stomach |
| structure | the arrangement of parts in an organism; they way it's body parts are "built" |
| organism | a living thing; anything that can carry out all of life's processes |
Created by:
ellist
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